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Direct linkGrund, Simon; Lüdtke, Oliver; Robitzsch, Alexander – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2018
Multiple imputation (MI) can be used to address missing data at Level 2 in multilevel research. In this article, we compare joint modeling (JM) and the fully conditional specification (FCS) of MI as well as different strategies for including auxiliary variables at Level 1 using either their manifest or their latent cluster means. We show with…
Descriptors: Statistical Analysis, Data, Comparative Analysis, Hierarchical Linear Modeling
Aloisi, Cesare; Tymms, Peter – Educational Research and Evaluation, 2017
The stability of educational test results from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) over 15 years was examined, and the influence of demographics and social capital was assessed, as was the impact of educational reforms. The test results were remarkably stable, with correlations up to 0.99 for country-level results over 2…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Foreign Countries, Secondary School Students, International Assessment
