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Kateryn Rannu; Aleksandra Ljalikova; Katrin Poom-Valickis – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 2024
Despite Estonia being ranked among the highest performing nations in the world-wide testing of students, these encouraging results are somewhat overshadowed by the challenge to overcome the divided school system with different languages of learning that impacts crucially on students' social, academic and professional paths. The study examines…
Descriptors: Teacher Attitudes, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Foreign Countries
Calero, Jorge; Choi, Álvaro – Educational Research and Evaluation, 2022
There is strong controversy over the application and effects of the Linguistic Immersion Policy in Catalonia, a policy that established that the Catalan language should constitute the only vehicular language during the different levels of compulsory schooling. While some of the effects of this policy have been determined, the evidence on other…
Descriptors: Educational Policy, Secondary School Students, Romance Languages, Foreign Countries