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Direct linkXue Wang – Society for Research on Educational Effectiveness, 2024
Inequality in the shadow? Cross-national comparisons of the effects of additional instruction on math and science performance based on PISA 2018 data Background Many educational systems worldwide are experiencing a growing demand for shadow education, which often takes the form of outside-school educational activities such as private tutoring…
Descriptors: Equal Education, Comparative Analysis, Supplementary Education, International Assessment
Lavonen, Jari; Laaksonen, Seppo – Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 2009
Finnish students' opinions about the frequency of learning activities and communication in the Finnish science classroom, their interest in science and science studies and careers, their sense of self-efficacy, and their beliefs about their own competence as well as their performance in science are analyzed based on PISA 2006 Scientific Literacy…
Descriptors: Equal Education, Self Efficacy, Science Interests, Program Effectiveness
