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Direct linkWard, Michael – OECD Publishing, 2018
Building on the experience of working with middle-income countries in PISA since 2000, and in an effort to respond to the emerging demand for PISA to cater to a wider range of countries, the OECD launched the PISA for Development (PISA-D) initiative in 2014. This one-off pilot project, spanning six years, aims to make the assessment more…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Achievement Tests, International Assessment, Secondary School Students
Peer reviewedWillms, J. Douglas – Teachers College Record, 2010
Background: Findings from several international studies have shown that there is a significant relationship between literacy skills and socioeconomic status (SES). Research has also shown that schools differ considerably in their student outcomes, even after taking account of students' ability and family background. The context or learning…
Descriptors: Socioeconomic Status, Socioeconomic Influences, Disadvantaged Youth, Outcomes of Education
