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Hill, Kathryn; McNamara, Tim – Measurement: Interdisciplinary Research and Perspectives, 2015
Those who work in second- and foreign-language testing often find Koretz's concern for validity inferences under high-stakes (VIHS) conditions both welcome and familiar. While the focus of the article is more narrowly on the potential for two instructional responses to test-based accountability, "reallocation" and "coaching,"…
Descriptors: Language Tests, Test Validity, High Stakes Tests, Inferences
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Lin, Tzung-Jin; Tan, Aik Ling; Tsai, Chin-Chung – International Journal of Science Education, 2013
Due to the scarcity of cross-cultural comparative studies in exploring students' self-efficacy in science learning, this study attempted to develop a multi-dimensional science learning self-efficacy (SLSE) instrument to measure 316 Singaporean and 303 Taiwanese eighth graders' SLSE and further to examine the differences between the two student…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Self Efficacy, Cross Cultural Studies, Cultural Differences