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Direct linkSandilands, Debra; Oliveri, Maria Elena; Zumbo, Bruno D.; Ercikan, Kadriye – International Journal of Testing, 2013
International large-scale assessments of achievement often have a large degree of differential item functioning (DIF) between countries, which can threaten score equivalence and reduce the validity of inferences based on comparisons of group performances. It is important to understand potential sources of DIF to improve the validity of future…
Descriptors: Validity, Measures (Individuals), International Studies, Foreign Countries
Download full textMartin, Michael O., Ed.; Mullis, Ina V. S., Ed. – International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement, 2013
TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study) is an international assessment of mathematics and science at the fourth and eighth grades that has been conducted every four years since 1995, with the most recent assessment in 2011. PIRLS (Progress in International Reading Literacy Study) is an international assessment of reading…
Descriptors: Student Evaluation, Mathematics Achievement, Science Achievement, Grade 4
