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Direct linkMarôco, João – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2021
Using hierarchical linear models, this study probes into student, family, teacher, and schools' variables that can explain the variation in Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) 2016 results. Students' confidence in reading, early literacy tasks, and parents' expectations are the strongest explanatory variables of reading…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Foreign Countries, Grade 4, International Assessment
Olaug Strand – Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 2024
The "optimism hypothesis" claims that immigrant students do better in the Norwegian education system than their socioeconomic status would suggest, due to the strong educational aspirations that immigrant parents might have for their children. Grounded in an educational equity paradigm, this study aims to test this hypothesis by…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Reading Achievement, Achievement Tests, Grade 4
