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The Replicability of the Negative Testing Effect: Differences across Participant Populations
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Mulligan, Neil W.; Rawson, Katherine A.; Peterson, Daniel J.; Wissman, Kathryn T. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
Although memory retrieval often enhances subsequent memory, Peterson and Mulligan (2013) reported conditions under which retrieval produces poorer subsequent recall--the negative testing effect. The item-specific--relational account proposes that the effect occurs when retrieval disrupts interitem organizational processing relative to the restudy…
Descriptors: Testing, Recall (Psychology), Memory, Cognitive Ability
The Importance of Arousal for Variation in Working Memory Capacity and Attention Control: A Latent Variable Pupillometry Study
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Unsworth, Nash; Robison, Matthew K. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
A great deal of prior research has examined the relation between working memory capacity (WMC) and attention control. The current study explored the role of arousal in individual differences in WMC and attention control. Participants performed multiple WMC and attention control tasks. During the attention control tasks participants were…
Descriptors: Arousal Patterns, Short Term Memory, Attention Control, Correlation
A Learning Method for All: The Testing Effect Is Independent of Cognitive Ability
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Jonsson, Bert; Wiklund-Hörnqvist, Carola; Stenlund, Tova; Andersson, Micael; Nyberg, Lars – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2021
The testing effect, defined as the positive effect of "retrieval practice" (i.e., self-testing) on long-term memory retention relative to other ways to support learning, is a robust empirical phenomenon. Despite substantial scientific evidence for the testing effect, less is known about its effectiveness in relation to individual…
Descriptors: Testing, Cognitive Ability, Individual Differences, Secondary School Students
Reality Monitoring and Metamemory in Adults with Autism Spectrum Conditions
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Cooper, Rose A.; Plaisted-Grant, Kate C.; Baron-Cohen, Simon; Simons, Jon S. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2016
Studies of reality monitoring (RM) often implicate medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in distinguishing internal and external information, a region linked to autism-related deficits in social and self-referential information processing, executive function, and memory. This study used two RM conditions (self-other; perceived-imagined) to investigate…
Descriptors: Memory, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Cognitive Processes
Little Relation of Adult Age with Cognition after Controlling General Influences
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Salthouse, Timothy A. – Developmental Psychology, 2016
Both general (i.e., shared across different cognitive measures) and specific (i.e., unique to particular cognitive measures) influences can be postulated to contribute to the relations between adult age and measures of cognitive functioning. Estimates of general and specific influences on measures of memory, speed, reasoning, and spatial…
Descriptors: Adults, Age Differences, Cognitive Processes, Influences
Working Memory Capacity and Fluid Abilities: Examining the Correlation between Operation Span and Raven
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Unsworth, N.; Engle, R.W. – Intelligence, 2005
The correlation between a measure of working memory capacity (WMC) (Operation Span) and a measure of fluid abilities (Raven Advanced Progressive Matrices) was examined. Specifically, performance on Raven problems was decomposed by difficulty, memory load, and rule type. The results suggest that the relation between Operation Span and Raven is…
Descriptors: Attention Control, Memory