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Grabarnik, Genady; Kim-Tyan, Luiza; Yaskolko, Serge – International Association for Development of the Information Society, 2021
The goal of the paper is to understand to what degree the student success depends on teaching practices and materials, and to what degree it is due to differences in background, including prior knowledge, skills, preparation, abilities, etc. We analyzed the existing research on outcomes of the SAT and ACT in the United States and the Unified…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Mathematics Education, Success, Mathematics Tests
Kobrin, Jennifer L.; Shaw, Emily J. – College Board, 2012
It is well-documented that students' prior knowledge, cultural background, and language proficiency play a role in how they read, interpret, and respond to writing tasks (Barkaoui, 2007; Connor & Kramer, 1995; Hinkel, 2002). Essays written by students from different language backgrounds often differ in their linguistic, stylistic, and…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Scores