Following a brief discussion on the concept of teacher incentives, several types of teacher incentive research are described in relation to the Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS) of the National Center for Education Statistics. Original national data from SASS relating to teacher incentive pay programs are reported. The three types of studies of teacher incentives that can be investigated using SASS are discussed: (1) the study of incentive effects on teachers' behavior; (2) the study of pay incentive programs for teachers; and (3) the study of teacher attitudes toward these pay incentive programs. Tables display SASS data on: teacher recipients of pay incentives (public and private sectors); public school teacher favorability ratings of pay incentives; and private school teacher favorability ratings of pay incentives. The description of SASS and the preliminary findings on pay incentives for teachers indicate that this data base is a major resource for studying teacher incentive phenomena of particular importance to education policy makers and administrators. (JD)