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Direct linkShapiro, Edward S. – School Psychology Review, 2008
Over many decades, the efforts of researchers to understand key issues in the reading performance of those children most at risk for developing later reading problems has been relentless. This article presents the author's commentary to three studies: (1) Vanderwood, Linklater, and Healy (2008); (2) Edl, Jones, and Estell (2008); and (3) Baker et…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Second Language Learning, Risk, Research and Development
Download full textTompkins, Judith C. – 2000
This paper describes some of the issues of fairness for Hispanic English Language Learners (ELLs) taking the Stanford 9 (SAT 9) achievement test, a norm-referenced standardized achievement test administered annually to California students in grades 2-11. Until a student is at ease in English, a process that may take as long as 7 years, an…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Elementary Secondary Education, English (Second Language), Equal Education
