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Direct linkGottfried, Michael A. – Elementary School Journal, 2012
This study contributes a novel perspective on grade retention by empirically examining how classroom composition relates to the standardized-testing performance of grade-retained students in their post-retained years. This evaluation employed a sample of entire cohorts of urban elementary school children in the Philadelphia School District over 6…
Descriptors: Grade Repetition, School Holding Power, Evidence, Testing
Peer reviewedSachar, Jane; Suppes, Patrick – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 1980
The present study compared six methods, two of which utilize the content structure of items, to estimate total-test scores using 450 students and 60 items of the 110-item Stanford Mental Arithmetic Test. Three methods yielded fairly good estimates of the total-test score. (Author/RL)
Descriptors: Content Analysis, Correlation, Item Analysis, Item Sampling
