Exploring effective interventions to compensate for developmental delay in premature neonates and reduce their mothers' anxiety is of great significance. This research aimed at examining the effects of body massage on Iranian premature neonates' physical and motor development, and on their mother's anxiety and attachment. Forty premature neonates and their mothers were recruited and randomly assigned to either the control or experimental groups. Results showed that the body massage lead to greater weight, motor development, and larger bicep and thigh circumference compared to the control group. However, no significant differences were found in other parts of the neonates' bodies, nor were there differences in reflex status between the groups. Furthermore, the levels of mothers' attachment and their anxiety in the experimental group significantly increased and decreased, respectively. Therefore, massage therapy as a low-cost, non-medicinal treatment can be applied to improve neonates' physical and motor development and their mothers' psychological status.