The paper represents a synthesis of results obtained in empirical studies of variables related to learning process. A number of studies were carried out within the Students Approaches to Learning perspective. According to the 3P model of learning, the complex of learning process comprises three learning approaches--Deep, Surface and Achievement approach. University and secondary school students worldwide were tested by two instruments--the Study/Learning Process Questionnaire and the Approaches to Study Inventory. Tests indicate that these measure similar and mutually comparable constructs. A different perspective is the constructive model of learning process. Empirical verifications of the Inventory of Learning Styles have shown that obtained factors which represent four learning styles--meaning, reproduction, lack of orientation, application--are congruent with factors obtained based on instruments measuring learning approaches. Different types of regulation play an important role in the description of individual styles. Including the regulation component affects relations between learning orientations and strategies. Research among Serbian university students has confirmed three factors corresponding to learning approaches. Findings indicate that it is important how learning regulation is operationalised for defining the achievement approach. Comparison of findings obtained by the same instruments on the samples from different Balkan countries could contribute to enhancement of academic learning/instruction. [For complete volume, see ED567118.]