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Direct linkChen, Qinghua; Lin, Angel M. Y. – Pedagogies: An International Journal, 2022
Translanguaging and trans-semiotizing research has problematized the static view of language and argued that meaning making is a dynamic, material, social, and historical process across multiple timescales in complex eco-social systems. The second author proposed the concept of trans-semiotizing as an alternative lens to study language teaching…
Descriptors: Semiotics, Code Switching (Language), Language Usage, Video Technology
Download full textWinke, Paula; Gass, Susan; Myford, Carol – ETS Research Report Series, 2011
This study investigated whether raters' second language (L2) background and the first language (L1) of test takers taking the TOEFL iBT® Speaking test were related through scoring. After an initial 4-hour training period, a group of 107 raters (mostly of learners of Chinese, Korean, and Spanish), listened to a selection of 432 speech samples that…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Evaluators, Speech Tests, English (Second Language)
