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Pileh Roud, Leila Fekri; Hidri, Sahbi – Education and Information Technologies, 2021
The current study addressed the impact of computerized dynamic assessment (C-DA) on the TOEFL "i"BT listening comprehension test administered to Iranian EFL learners (n = 185) who took part in preparation courses on the TOEFL exam in some language centres in Iran. To mediate the test-takers with hints to process the listening questions,…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Language Tests, Second Language Learning, Foreign Countries
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Nazerian, Samaneh; Abbasian, Gholam-Reza; Mohseni, Ahmad – Cogent Education, 2021
Despite growing interest in the studies on Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD), its operation in the forms of individualized and group-wide has been controversial. To cast some empirical light on the issue, this study was designed to study the applicability of the two scenarios of ZPD-based instructions to the writing accuracy of two levels of…
Descriptors: Sociocultural Patterns, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, English (Second Language)