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Download full textTywoniw, Rurik; Crossley, Scott – Language Education & Assessment, 2019
Cohesion features were calculated for a corpus of 960 essays by 480 test-takers from the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) in order to examine differences in the use of cohesion devices between integrated (source-based) writing and independent writing samples. Cohesion indices were measured using an automated textual analysis tool, the…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Language Tests, Second Language Learning, Connected Discourse
Kim, Sung-Yeon; Kim, Kyung-Sook – TESL-EJ, 2022
Reading-integrated writing is known as an effective approach to teaching and learning vocabulary as it allows students to transfer vocabulary from a source text to writing. This study examines whether vocabulary transfer from an input text to writing varies according to the two types of tasks: essay writing and synchronous text chat. One hundred…
Descriptors: Vocabulary Development, Learning Processes, Word Lists, Transfer of Training
Direct linkLavolette, Elizabeth; Polio, Charlene; Kahng, Jimin – Language Learning & Technology, 2015
Various researchers in second language acquisition have argued for the effectiveness of immediate rather than delayed feedback. In writing, truly immediate feedback is impractical, but computer-assisted feedback provides a quick way of providing feedback that also reduces the teacher's workload. We explored the accuracy of feedback from…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Computer Assisted Instruction, Accuracy
Ramineni, Chaitanya; Trapani, Catherine S.; Williamson, David M.; Davey, Tim; Bridgeman, Brent – ETS Research Report Series, 2012
Scoring models for the "e-rater"® system were built and evaluated for the "TOEFL"® exam's independent and integrated writing prompts. Prompt-specific and generic scoring models were built, and evaluation statistics, such as weighted kappas, Pearson correlations, standardized differences in mean scores, and correlations with…
Descriptors: Scoring, Prompting, Evaluators, Computer Software
Lee, Yong-Won; Gentile, Claudia; Kantor, Robert – Applied Linguistics, 2010
The main purpose of the study was to investigate the distinctness and reliability of analytic (or multi-trait) rating dimensions and their relationships to holistic scores and "e-rater"[R] essay feature variables in the context of the TOEFL[R] computer-based test (TOEFL CBT) writing assessment. Data analyzed in the study were holistic…
Descriptors: Writing Evaluation, Writing Tests, Scoring, Essays
Lee, Yong-Won; Gentile, Claudia; Kantor, Robert – ETS Research Report Series, 2008
The main purpose of the study was to investigate the distinctness and reliability of analytic (or multitrait) rating dimensions and their relationships to holistic scores and "e-rater"® essay feature variables in the context of the TOEFL® computer-based test (CBT) writing assessment. Data analyzed in the study were analytic and holistic…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Language Tests, Second Language Learning, Scoring
