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Crossley, Scott; Kyle, Kristopher; Salsbury, Thomas – Modern Language Journal, 2016
This study investigates relations between second language (L2) lexical input and output in terms of word information properties (i.e., lexical salience; Ellis, 2006a). The data for this study come from a longitudinal corpus of naturalistic spoken data between L2 learners and first language (L1) interlocutors collected over a year's time. The…
Descriptors: Language Usage, Language Research, Second Language Learning, Computational Linguistics
Miao, Yongzhi – Language Testing, 2023
Scholars have argued for the inclusion of different spoken varieties of English in high-stakes listening tests to better represent the global use of English. However, doing so may introduce additional construct-irrelevant variance due to accent familiarity and the shared first language (L1) advantage, which could threaten test fairness. However,…
Descriptors: Pronunciation, Metalinguistics, Native Language, Intelligibility
Moradi, Sholeh; Ghahari, Shima; Abbas Nejad, Mohammad – Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 2020
Cognitive organizers (COs) are text aids which represent objects, concepts, and their relations by the use of symbols and spatial arrangements without adding to semantic content. The present study examines language learners' text comprehension through outlines, a popular CO, compared with text-only condition, and further investigates the effect of…
Descriptors: Multiple Intelligences, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, English (Second Language)
Crossley, Scott A.; Kim, YouJin – Language Assessment Quarterly, 2019
The current study examined the effects of text-based relational (i.e., cohesion), propositional-specific (i.e., lexical), and syntactic features in a source text on subsequent integration of the source text in spoken responses. It further investigated the effects of word integration on human ratings of speaking performance while taking into…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Syntax, Oral Language, Speech Communication
Crossley, Scott A.; Kyle, Kristopher; Allen, Laura K.; Guo, Liang; McNamara, Danielle S. – Grantee Submission, 2014
This study investigates the potential for linguistic microfeatures related to length, complexity, cohesion, relevance, topic, and rhetorical style to predict L2 writing proficiency. Computational indices were calculated by two automated text analysis tools (Coh- Metrix and the Writing Assessment Tool) and used to predict human essay ratings in a…
Descriptors: Computational Linguistics, Essays, Scoring, Writing Evaluation
Crossley, Scott A.; Salsbury, Tom; McNamara, Danielle S.; Jarvis, Scott – Language Testing, 2011
The authors present a model of lexical proficiency based on lexical indices related to vocabulary size, depth of lexical knowledge, and accessibility to core lexical items. The lexical indices used in this study come from the computational tool Coh-Metrix and include word length scores, lexical diversity values, word frequency counts, hypernymy…
Descriptors: Semantics, Familiarity, Second Language Learning, Word Frequency