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Direct linkMichel, Marije; Révész, Andrea; Lu, Xiaojun; Kourtali, Nektaria-Efstathia; Lee, Minjin; Borges, Lais – Second Language Research, 2020
Most research into second language (L2) writing has focused on the products of writing tasks; much less empirical work has examined the behaviours in which L2 writers engage and the cognitive processes that underlie writing behaviours. We aimed to fill this gap by investigating the extent to which writing speed fluency, pausing, eye-gaze…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Writing Processes, Cognitive Processes, Writing Skills
Abdi Tabari, Mahmoud – Reading & Writing Quarterly, 2020
This study investigated the effects of strategic planning and task structure (personal, narrative, and decision-making tasks) on L2 writing outcomes. One hundred and twenty intermediate English as a foreign language learners were randomly divided into strategic-planning and no-planning-time groups. The strategic-planning group performed the three…
Descriptors: Decision Making, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Writing Instruction
Download full textBarkaoui, Khaled – ETS Research Report Series, 2015
This study aimed to describe the writing activities that test takers engage in when responding to the writing tasks in the "TOEFL iBT"[superscript R] test and to examine the effects of task type and test-taker English language proficiency (ELP) and keyboarding skills on the frequency and distribution of these activities. Each of 22 test…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Language Tests, English (Second Language), Writing Instruction
