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Download full textElfiondri; Kasim, Usman; Mustafa, Faisal; Putra, Tomi Mandala – TESOL International Journal, 2020
Studies have shown that reading comprehension is the most difficult section of the Paper-Based Test (PBT) TOEFL. Therefore, this research aimed to identify which sub-skill in reading comprehension poses the greatest challenges for the students and how this sub-skill correlates to other reading comprehension sub-skills. To achieve this purpose,…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Second Language Learning, Language Tests, English (Second Language)
Direct linkHill, Kathryn; McNamara, Tim – Measurement: Interdisciplinary Research and Perspectives, 2015
Those who work in second- and foreign-language testing often find Koretz's concern for validity inferences under high-stakes (VIHS) conditions both welcome and familiar. While the focus of the article is more narrowly on the potential for two instructional responses to test-based accountability, "reallocation" and "coaching,"…
Descriptors: Language Tests, Test Validity, High Stakes Tests, Inferences
Ghahari, Shima; Heidarolad, Meissam – Reading Matrix: An International Online Journal, 2015
Provision of multiple-choice (MC) glosses, which combines the advantages of glosses and inferring, has recently gained its share of supporters as a potential technique for enhancing L2 texts and increasing word gain for L2 learners. Upon taking an actual TOEFL, the participants underwent a vocabulary pretest to ensure that the target words were…
Descriptors: Incidental Learning, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Vocabulary Development
