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Ha, Hye Seung – English Teaching, 2019
Lexical richness makes an important contribution to L2 writing quality. To explore its importance, the study aims to identify and explain how lexical richness manifests in argumentative essays written in the final exam of reading and writing class by thirty-five undergraduates. The lexical richness consists of four interrelated elements: lexical…
Descriptors: Undergraduate Students, Vocabulary Skills, Language Usage, Writing Skills
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Ahangari, Saeideh; Barghi, Ali Hamed – Language Testing in Asia, 2012
Almost no language test is void of grammar items, and the reason is probably the assumption that there exists a positive correlation between examinees' grammar knowledge and the actual demonstrable level of accuracy in communication. Meanwhile, examples abound where many examinees relatively do well on grammar knowledge tests despite failing to…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Language Tests, Second Language Learning, Grammar
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Nezami, Ali; Najafi, Mousa Sadraie – English Language Teaching, 2012
This paper aimed at obtaining a clear understanding of Iranian EFL learners' L2 writing error types. To develop such an understanding, a research question was formulated to see whether there is any significant difference between the participants' language proficiency level and their error types in writing. To this end, a sample version of the…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, English (Second Language), Error Patterns, Writing (Composition)
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Kashani, Hajar; Mahmud, Rosnaini Binti; Kalajahi, Seyed Ali Rezvani – English Language Teaching, 2013
In today's world, there are lots of methods in language teaching in general and teaching writing in particular. Using two different tools in writing essays and conducting a study to compare the effectiveness of these two tools namely blog and pen-and-paper was the basis of this study. This study used a quantitative true experimental design aimed…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Writing (Composition), Essays, Writing Skills
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Connor, Ulla; Raimes, Ann – TESOL Quarterly, 1992
Connor comments on Raimes' research on the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) essay component, the Test of Written English (TWE), and the practices of the Educational Testing Service. Raimes' response is directed toward the TWE research agenda. (five references) (Author/LB)
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Essays, Language Research, Language Tests
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Stansfield, Charles W.; Ross, Jacqueline – Language Testing, 1988
Outlines research necessary for determining the validity and reliability of Test of Written English, an essay test that directly measures writing ability and complements Test of English-as-a-Foreign-Language's (TOEFL) indirect assessment of writing skills. Research should cover such aspects as construct, criterion-related, concurrent, content, and…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Essay Tests, Language Research, Language Tests
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DeMauro, G. – Language Testing, 1992
Several analyses are presented on the relationships among the Test of Spoken English, Test of Written English, and Test of English as a Foreign Language. The multivariate prediction of each test from the scores on the others is very accurate; variances with two prominent factors may relate to specific cognitive test-taking skills. (eight…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Language Research, Language Skills, Language Tests
Henning, Grant; Cascallar, Eduardo – 1992
Although programs for teaching and testing of English as a second language (ESL) are often evaluated for their attention to communicative competence, there is no consensus on the nature of the communicative competence construct(s) and little empirical support for the various explanatory models. The theoretical literature related to communicative…
Descriptors: Adult Students, Communicative Competence (Languages), Construct Validity, Definitions
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Traugott, Elizabeth Closs; And Others – TESOL Quarterly, 1992
Two members and a former member of the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) Policy Council respond to Raimes' concerns about the TOEFL Test of Written English, particularly regarding the Educational Testing Service's research agenda and its effect on English-as-a-Second-Language instruction and graduate school admission. (17 references)…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Equal Education, Essays, Graduate Study
Stansfield, Charles W. – 1986
A history of the Test of Written English (TWE), a section of the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL), describes its inception and development process. The new test is a thirty-minute essay test providing a measure of a non-native English-speaker's ability to perform academic writing tasks similar to those required of international…
Descriptors: Educational History, English (Second Language), Essay Tests, Foreign Students
Zwick, Rebecca; Thayer, Dorothy T. – 1995
The performance of graduate and undergraduate school applicants on the Test of Written English (TWE) was compared for each of 66 data sets, dating from 1988 to 1993. The analyses compared the average TWE score for graduates and undergraduates after matching examinees on the total score on the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL). The main…
Descriptors: Biological Sciences, Comparative Analysis, English (Second Language), High School Students