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Traynor, Anne – Applied Measurement in Education, 2017
It has long been argued that U.S. states' differential performance on nationwide assessments may reflect differences in students' opportunity to learn the tested content that is primarily due to variation in curricular content standards, rather than in instructional quality or educational investment. To quantify the effect of differences in…
Descriptors: Test Items, Difficulty Level, State Standards, Academic Standards
Traynor, Anne – Educational Assessment, 2017
Variation in test performance among examinees from different regions or national jurisdictions is often partially attributed to differences in the degree of content correspondence between local school or training program curricula, and the test of interest. This posited relationship between test-curriculum correspondence, or "alignment,"…
Descriptors: Test Items, Test Construction, Alignment (Education), Curriculum
Engelbrecht, Johann; Mwambakana, Jeanine – African Journal of Research in Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 2016
The purpose of mathematics competitions, and in our case the South African Mathematics Olympiad (SAMO), is to promote problem solving skills and strategies, to generate interest and enthusiasm for mathematics and to identify the most talented mathematical minds. SAMO is organised in two divisions--a junior and a senior division--over three rounds.…
Descriptors: Mathematics Instruction, Junior High School Students, Competition, Foreign Countries
Gotwals, Amelia Wenk; Hokayem, Hayat; Song, Tian; Songer, Nancy Butler – Electronic Journal of Science Education, 2013
The Framework for K-12 Science Education (NRC, 2011) outlines core disciplinary ideas, scientific practices and cross-cutting ideas as dimensions on which to base science education. This study outlines the use of core ecological ideas and two scientific practices as a way to examine the cognitive complexity of released large-scale assessment items…
Descriptors: Ecology, Science Instruction, Evaluation, Difficulty Level
Scherman, Vanessa; Howie, Sarah J.; Bosker, Roel J. – Educational Research and Evaluation, 2011
In information-rich environments, schools are often presented with a myriad of data from which decisions need to be made. The use of the information on a classroom level may be facilitated if performance could be described in terms of levels of proficiency or benchmarks. The aim of this article is to explore benchmarks using data from a monitoring…
Descriptors: Standard Setting, Foreign Countries, Grade 8, Ability
Yuan, Kun; Le, Vi-Nhuan – RAND Corporation, 2014
In 2010, the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation's Education Program has established the Deeper Learning Initiative, which focuses on students' development of deeper learning skills (i.e., the mastery of core academic content, critical-thinking, problem-solving, collaboration, communication, and "learn-how-to-learn" skills). Two test…
Descriptors: Test Items, Cognitive Processes, Difficulty Level, Skill Development

Bielinski, John; Davison, Mark L. – Journal of Educational Measurement, 2001
Used mathematics achievement data from the 1992 National Assessment of Educational Progress, the Third International Mathematics and Science Study, and the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 to examine the sex difference by item difficulty interaction. The predicted negative correlation was found for all eight populations and was…
Descriptors: Correlation, Difficulty Level, Interaction, Mathematics Tests