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Download full textMitani, Hajime – AERA Open, 2021
Today's economy demands higher order thinking skills (HOTS), and the public education system has a critical role in supporting students' acquisition of HOTS. Yet, numerous studies documented inequity in access to higher quality instruction that promotes HOTS, which could result in wide test score gaps in HOTS. In this study, I examined test score…
Descriptors: Scores, Achievement Gap, Thinking Skills, Teaching Methods
Reardon, Sean F. – Stanford Center for Education Policy Analysis, 2021
Has the gap in average standardized test scores between students from high- and low-income families widened, narrowed, or remained stable over the last 3 decades? The question is important both because the achievement gap is measure of how (un)equally educational opportunities are distributed in the US, and because the disparity in educational…
Descriptors: Standardized Tests, Scores, Family Income, Academic Achievement
