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Direct linkVan Gerven, Pascal W. M.; Hurks, Petra P. M.; Bovend'Eerdt, Thamar J. H.; Adam, Jos J. – Developmental Psychology, 2016
We investigated the effects of age on proactive and reactive cognitive control in a large population sample of 809 individuals, ranging in age between 5 and 97 years. For that purpose, we used an anticue paradigm, which required a consistent remapping of cue location and response hand: Left-sided cues required right-hand responses and vice versa.…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Age Differences, Reaction Time, Handedness
Leiva, Alicia; Andrés, Pilar; Servera, Mateu; Verbruggen, Frederick; Parmentier, Fabrice B. R. – Developmental Psychology, 2016
Sounds deviating from an otherwise repeated or structured sequence capture attention and affect performance in an ongoing visual task negatively, testament to the balance between selective attention and change detection. Although deviance distraction has been the object of much research, its modulation across the life span has been more scarcely…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Short Term Memory, Inhibition, Attention
Trelle, Alexandra N.; Henson, Richard N.; Green, Deborah A. E.; Simons, Jon S. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
In a Yes/No object recognition memory test with similar lures, older adults typically exhibit elevated rates of false recognition. However, the contributions of impaired retrieval, relative to reduced availability of target details, are difficult to disentangle using such a test. The present investigation sought to decouple these factors by…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Recognition (Psychology), Cognitive Processes, Older Adults
Tillmann, J.; Ashwood, K.; Absoud, M.; Bölte, S.; Bonnet-Brilhault, F.; Buitelaar, J. K.; Calderoni, S.; Calvo, R.; Canal-Bedia, R.; Canitano, R.; De Bildt, A.; Gomot, M.; Hoekstra, P. J.; Kaale, A.; McConachie, H.; Murphy, D. G.; Narzisi, A.; Oosterling, I.; Pejovic-Milovancevic, M.; Persico, A. M.; Puig, O.; Roeyers, H.; Rommelse, N.; Sacco, R.; Scandurra, V.; Stanfield, A. C.; Zander, E.; Charman, T. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2018
Research on sex-related differences in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has been impeded by small samples. We pooled 28 datasets from 18 sites across nine European countries to examine sex differences in the ASD phenotype on the ADI-R (376 females, 1763 males) and ADOS (233 females, 1187 males). On the ADI-R, early childhood restricted and…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Age Differences, Diagnostic Tests, Observation
Jewsbury, Paul A.; Bowden, Stephen C.; Duff, Kevin – Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 2017
The Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) model is a comprehensive model of the major dimensions of individual differences that underlie performance on cognitive tests. Studies evaluating the generality of the CHC model across test batteries, age, gender, and culture were reviewed and found to be overwhelmingly supportive. However, less research is available…
Descriptors: Intelligence Tests, Individual Differences, Executive Function, Neuropsychology
Webb, Bianca; Hine, Alison C.; Bailey, Phoebe E. – Developmental Psychology, 2016
Older adults report being more trusting than young adults, and this may be particularly evident in close social relationships. This is beneficial for well-being when trust is reciprocated, but detrimental when trust is exploited. In a repeated trust game, young (n = 35) and older adults (n = 33) invested real money over repeated interactions with…
Descriptors: Older Adults, Age Differences, Young Adults, Trust (Psychology)
Murry, Matthew W. E.; Isaacowitz, Derek M. – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2017
Older adults tend to have lower emotion-perception accuracy compared to younger adults. Previous studies have centered on individual characteristics, including cognitive decline and positive attentional preferences, as possible mechanisms underlying these age differences in emotion perception; however, thus far, no perceiver-focused factor has…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Emotional Response, Social Environment, Environmental Influences
Davies, Rob A. I.; Arnell, Ruth; Birchenough, Julia M. H.; Grimmond, Debbie; Houlson, Sam – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
The effects of psycholinguistic variables are critical to the evaluation of theories about the cognitive reading system. However, reading research has tended to focus on the impact of key variables on average performance. We report the first investigation examining variation in psycholinguistic effects across the life span, from childhood into old…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Psycholinguistics, Pronunciation, Task Analysis
Lever, Anne G.; Ridderinkhof, K. Richard; Marsman, Maarten; Geurts, Hilde M. – Developmental Psychology, 2017
As a large heterogeneity is observed across studies on interference control in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), research may benefit from the use of a cognitive framework that models specific processes underlying reactive and proactive control of interference. Reactive control refers to the expression and suppression of responses and proactive…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Responses, Self Control
Cressman, Markus N.; Liljequist, Laura – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2014
The "Woodcock-Johnson III" Tests of Achievement grade norms versus age norms were examined in the calculation of discrepancy scores in 202 college students. Difference scores were calculated between the "Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-3rd Edition" Full Scale IQ and the "Woodcock-Johnson III" Total Achievement,…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, College Students, Norms, Age
Jones, Kyle B.; Cottle, Kristina; Bakian, Amanda; Farley, Megan; Bilder, Deborah; Coon, Hilary; McMahon, William M. – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2016
This study describes medical conditions experienced by a population-based cohort of adults with autism spectrum disorder whose significant developmental concerns were apparent during childhood. As part of a 25-year outcome study of autism spectrum disorder in adulthood, medical histories were collected on 92 participants (N = 69 males) who were…
Descriptors: Adults, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Developmental Disabilities
Demagistri, Maria Silvina; Richards, Maria Marta; Canet Juric, Lorena – Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology, 2014
Introduction: Reading comprehension is a complex cognitive skill that has been associated with executive functions such as working memory (WM) and inhibition. Given that the development of these abilities continues through late adolescence, this study seeks to explore the role that both processes play with respect to varying levels of reading…
Descriptors: Incidence, Reading Comprehension, Executive Function, Short Term Memory
Vainikainen, Mari-Pauliina; Wüstenberg, Sascha; Kupiainen, Sirkku; Hotulainen, Risto; Hautamäki, Jarkko – International Journal of Lifelong Education, 2015
In Finland, schools' effectiveness in fostering the development of transversal skills is evaluated through large-scale learning to learn (LTL) assessments. This article presents how LTL skills--general cognitive competences and learning-related motivational beliefs--develop during primary school and how they predict pupils' CPS skills at the end…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Elementary School Students, Learning Strategies, Skill Development
Zhou, Xiaobin; Zhu, Jianjun; Weiss, Lawrence G. – Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 2010
This study investigated the Wechsler Performance IQ (PIQ) or Perceptual Reasoning Index (PRI)/ Perceptual Organization Index (POI) change over time and its relation to ability levels. PIQ or PRI/ POI was analyzed because of the known sensitivity of nonverbal scales to the Flynn effect. Scores were analyzed using two methods. First, analysis of…
Descriptors: Intelligence Quotient, Intelligence Tests, Age Differences, Change
