This study examines the relationship between perceived stress, nonverbal cognitive functioning, and statewide academic scores in both Latinx and European American elementary students in rural school districts. A total of 44 third graders participated in the study, including 13 Latinx students and 31 European American (EA) students. Perceived…

The question regarding the appropriateness of the use of tests of intelligence and cognitive abilities developed in the United States to assess people from other countries was renewed in the debate between Suen and Greenspan (2008) and Sanchez-Escobedo and Hollingworth (2009). This controversy arose from challenges in the translation, adaptation,…

Examined effects of types of reinforcement on performance of Black males on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised. After correct responses, participants were given no reinforcement, candy rewards, traditional social reinforcement, or culturally relevant social reinforcement. Children given candy or culturally relevant social…

A major criticism of standardized intelligence tests is their improper use in measuring the intellectual competence of culturally diverse children. Factors which complicate the issue are the definition of intelligence, content bias in intelligence tests, and the interpretation of test scores between white middle class children and children of…

WISC subtest scores of children from rural mountainous cultural areas were higher for performance skills (object assembly, picture completion) than for verbal skills (information, similarities), suggesting that social and economic deprivation influence verbal comprehension abilities more than perceptual organization skills. (RL)

SEVERAL EXPERIMENTS ON THE CONCEPTUAL BEHAVIOR OF LOWER AND MIDDLE CLASS CHILDREN ARE DESCRIBED IN AN EFFORT TO CLARIFY AN APPARENT DISCREPANCY BETWEEN PREVIOUS LABORATORY FINDINGS AND OBSERVED CLASSROOM PERFORMANCE. IN THE FIRST EXPERIMENT, INDUCTIVE CONCEPT LEARNING WAS INVESTIGATED AS A FUNCTION OF SOCIAL CLASS MEMBERSHIP AND PRIOR EXPERIENCE.…

Examination of the Intelligence Quotient of 46 Black children, half of whom had been adopted by White families and half by Black families, reveals that it is not just the ethnicity of the family of rearing that influences the development of the child's skills, but also the ethnic milieu that surrounds the family. (BJV)