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Direct linkMichael R. Capawana; Pieter J. Vuijk; Joanna Martin; Alisha R. Pollastri; Gina A. Forchelli; Georgia G. Woscoboinik; Sonia L. Tremblay; Lauren E. Wolfe; Ellen B. Braaten; Alysa E. Doyle – Journal of Attention Disorders, 2024
Objective: We leveraged common genetic variation underlying ADHD, educational attainment (EA) and cognition (COG) to understand the nature of the Behavior Rating Inventory for Executive Functions (BRIEF) and its relationship to academic functioning. Method: Participants were 991 youth, ages 7 to 17, consecutively referred for neuropsychiatric…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Executive Function, Child Behavior, Genetics
Womack, Sean R.; Beam, Christopher R.; Davis, Deborah Winders; Finkel, Deborah; Turkheimer, Eric – Developmental Psychology, 2022
Twins regularly score nearly a standard deviation below the population mean on standardized measures of cognitive development in infancy but recover to the population mean by early childhood, making rapid gains through the toddler years. To date, only polynomial growth models have been fit to model cognitive recovery across childhood, limiting the…
Descriptors: Twins, Cognitive Ability, Genetics, Environmental Influences
Giangrande, Evan J.; Beam, Christopher R.; Finkel, Deborah; Davis, Deborah W.; Turkheimer, Eric – Child Development, 2022
This study investigated the systematic rise in cognitive ability scores over generations, known as the "Flynn Effect," across middle childhood and early adolescence (7-15 years; 291 monozygotic pairs, 298 dizygotic pairs; 89% White). Leveraging the unique structure of the Louisville Twin Study (longitudinal data collected continuously…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Scores, Intelligence Tests, Children
Jente Verbesselt; Jeroen Breckpot; Inge Zink; Ann Swillen – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2024
Purpose: Individuals with proximal 16p11.2 copy number variants (CNVs), either deletions (16p11.2DS) or duplications (16p11.2Dup), are predisposed to neurodevelopmental difficulties and disorders, such as language disorders, intellectual disability, and autism spectrum disorder. The purpose of the current study was to characterize language…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Intelligence Tests, Vocabulary, Verbal Ability
Neufeld, Janina; Hederos Eriksson, Lisa; Hammarsten, Richard; Lundin Remnélius, Karl; Tillmann, Julian; Isaksson, Johan; Bölte, Sven – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2021
Atypical sensory processing is prevalent across neurodevelopmental conditions and a key diagnostic criterion of autism spectrum disorder. It may have cascading effects on the development of adaptive functions. However, its unique contribution to adaptive functioning and the genetic/environmental influences on this link are unclear. In a clinically…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Perceptual Impairments, Twins
Jiménez-Romero, Ma Salud; Fernández-Urquiza, Maite; Benítez-Burraco, Antonio – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2022
Purpose: Chromosome 16p11.2 deletion syndrome (OMIM #611913) is a rare genetic condition resulting from the partial deletion of approximately 35 genes located at Chromosome 16. Affected people exhibit a variable clinical profile, featuring mild dysmorphisms, motor problems, developmental delay, mild intellectual disability (ID), socialization…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Disabilities, Language Impairments, Communication Disorders
Zajda, Joseph – Curriculum and Teaching, 2019
This article analyses research of theories and models of intelligence. It examines current developments in intelligence research, covering the formation of more complex and diverse intelligence theories. First, the article examines some of the widely used aptitude/intelligence tests include, such Stanford-Binet Intelligence Quotient, Wechsler…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Learning Theories, Intelligence Tests, Cognitive Ability
Aubé, Sophie; Mimeau, Catherine; Gagnon, Eloi; Remon, Alexandra; Brendgen, Mara; Vitaro, Frank; Ouellet-Morin, Isabelle; Tremblay, Richard E.; Boivin, Michel; Dionne, Ginette – Developmental Psychology, 2022
Given the importance of writing for academic achievement, this study aimed to understand how early oral language contributes to later writing skills. The first objective was to determine if preschool language skills were associated with high school writing, and if so, whether they contributed directly or indirectly through school age language. The…
Descriptors: Language Skills, Writing Skills, Academic Achievement, Oral Language
Andres, Erin M.; Earnest, Kathleen Kelsey; Smith, Shelley D.; Rice, Mabel L.; Raza, Muhammad Hashim – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2020
Purpose: Specific language impairment (SLI) is characterized by a delay in language acquisition despite a lack of other developmental delays or hearing loss. Genetics of SLI is poorly understood. The purpose of this study is to identify SLI genetic loci through family-based linkage mapping. Method: We performed genome-wide parametric linkage…
Descriptors: Genetics, Language Impairments, Developmental Delays, Hearing Impairments
Wertz, Jasmin; Belsky, Jay; Moffitt, Terrie E.; Belsky, Daniel W.; Harrington, HonaLee; Avinun, Reut; Poulton, Richie; Ramrakha, Sandhya; Caspi, Avshalom – Developmental Psychology, 2019
Twin studies have documented that parenting behavior is partly heritable, but it is unclear how parents' genetics shape their caregiving. Using tools of molecular genetics, the present study investigated this process by testing hypotheses about associations between a genome-wide polygenic score for educational attainment and parental caregiving in…
Descriptors: Twins, Genetics, Child Rearing, Predictor Variables
Mimeau, Catherine; Dionne, Ginette; Feng, Bei; Brendgen, Mara; Vitaro, Frank; Tremblay, Richard E.; Boivin, Michel – Language Learning and Development, 2018
This twin study examined the genetic and environmental etiology of vocabulary, syntax, and their association in first graders. French-speaking same-sex twins (n = 555) completed two vocabulary tests, and two scores of syntax were calculated from their spontaneous speech at 7 years of age. Multivariate latent factor genetic analyses showed that…
Descriptors: Genetics, Etiology, Vocabulary, Syntax
Rossi, N. F.; Giacheti, C. M. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2017
Background: Williams syndrome (WS) phenotype is described as unique and intriguing. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between speech-language abilities, general cognitive functioning and behavioural problems in individuals with WS, considering age effects and speech-language characteristics of WS sub-groups. Methods: The…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Developmental Disabilities, Correlation, Speech Skills
Uzun Cicek, Ayla; Sari, Seda Aybuke; Mercan Isik, Cansu – Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 2020
Introduction: Intellectual disability (ID) is characterized by limitations in cognitive and adaptive functioning. The aim of this study is to examine sociodemographic characteristics, perinatal and childhood risk factors, and prevalence of psychiatric and biomedical comorbidities in children with ID. Methods: 260 patients with ID were included in…
Descriptors: Risk, Incidence, Case Studies, Comorbidity
Tillmann, J.; Ashwood, K.; Absoud, M.; Bölte, S.; Bonnet-Brilhault, F.; Buitelaar, J. K.; Calderoni, S.; Calvo, R.; Canal-Bedia, R.; Canitano, R.; De Bildt, A.; Gomot, M.; Hoekstra, P. J.; Kaale, A.; McConachie, H.; Murphy, D. G.; Narzisi, A.; Oosterling, I.; Pejovic-Milovancevic, M.; Persico, A. M.; Puig, O.; Roeyers, H.; Rommelse, N.; Sacco, R.; Scandurra, V.; Stanfield, A. C.; Zander, E.; Charman, T. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2018
Research on sex-related differences in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has been impeded by small samples. We pooled 28 datasets from 18 sites across nine European countries to examine sex differences in the ASD phenotype on the ADI-R (376 females, 1763 males) and ADOS (233 females, 1187 males). On the ADI-R, early childhood restricted and…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Age Differences, Diagnostic Tests, Observation
Tosto, Maria G.; Hayiou-Thomas, Marianna E.; Harlaar, Nicole; Prom-Wormley, Elizabeth; Dale, Philip S.; Plomin, Robert – Developmental Psychology, 2017
This study examines the genetic and environmental etiology underlying the development of oral language and reading skills, and the relationship between them, over a long period of developmental time spanning middle childhood and adolescence. It focuses particularly on the differential relationship between language and two different aspects of…
Descriptors: Twins, Genetics, Reading Fluency, Structural Equation Models
