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Direct linkSparks, Richard; Patton, Jon; Luebbers, Julie – Hispania, 2018
The Simple View of Reading (SVR) model posits that reading is the product of word decoding and language comprehension and that oral language (listening) comprehension is the best predictor of reading comprehension once word-decoding skill has been established. The SVR model also proposes that there are good readers and three types of poor…
Descriptors: Decoding (Reading), Reading Processes, Listening Comprehension, Oral Language
Sparks, Richard L.; Luebbers, Julie; Castañeda, Martha E. – Foreign Language Annals, 2017
Foreign language educators have developed measures to assess the proficiency of U.S. high school learners. Most have compared language learners to clearly defined criteria for proficiency in the language (criterion-referenced assessment) or to the performance of other monolingual English speakers (norm-referenced assessment). In this study, the…
Descriptors: High School Students, Reading Comprehension, Native Speakers, Second Language Learning
