Objective: This study focused on interrelationships among supervisor attachment, supervisory working alliance, and supervision-related affect, plus the moderating effect of a field instructor training. Method: The researchers employed a pretest-posttest follow-up design of 100 randomly assigned field instructors and 64 students in two…

The series of Working Alliance Inventories remains the most extensively researched and utilized instruments to measure the working alliance. However, these instruments have not been normed and validated among individuals on probation or parole. Therefore, this study provides psychometric properties for a modified, offender version of the Working…

Counselor trainees' stress and coping resources have the potential to influence the relationships formed with supervisors and clients. Two hundred thirty two (N = 232) Master-level counselor trainees completed surveys designed to measure perceived stress, coping resources, the working alliance, and the supervisory working alliance. Participants…

Three contemporary models of probation supervision can be differentiated, based on the extent to which they focus on protecting community safety (surveillance model), promoting offender rehabilitation (treatment model), or both (hybrid model). Hybrid models combine dual roles of controlling and caring for probationers. A quarter century ago,…

In a study based on a sample of counselor trainees (n=123) in the United States, results indicated that a stronger supervisory working alliance was predictive of less trainee role conflict and ambiguity in supervision. (Author)

The Working Alliance Inventory of Supervisory Relationships (WAI-SR) was designed to evaluate the three factors--an agreement on goals, an assignment of tasks, and the development of a bond--of a working alliance between supervisor and trainee as proposed by Bordin (1983). The items for the WAI-SR were drawn from the Working Alliance Inventory and…