Bloomfield's declaration of financial exigency, Chapter XI bankruptcy reorganization, and shift to a primary emphasis on recruiting nontraditional students enabled it to survive and emerge from its status as an invisible institution. (MSE)

The University of Redlands responded successfully to financial and administrative crisis by tapping institutional and community pride in the institution's stature, affirming a dual commitment to liberal education and career training, developing a new governance system, and reorganizing financial and program priorities. (MSE)

A survey indicates that declining resources, merging of programs, and loss of faculty positions characterize the changes in programs in higher education as a field of study and suggest an uncertain future. However, most programs see themselves as strong and programs that were prominent in the last decade remain so. (Author/MSE)