Modifications to current methods of calculating and reporting financial ratios are outlined for college managers. The modified ratios, felt to be more realistic, are illustrated with applications in three areas: (1) student revenues; (2) endowment and other investment income; and (3) public and private gifts, grants, and contracts revenue. (MSE)

A study investigating factors in the variation in direct costs of medical residency programs across hospitals found that much of the current variation is attributable to accounting and not structural or location-related factors. A federal policy providing for a national payment rate per resident is proposed to replace the current system based on…