In the push to bring data to bear on all of the important education issues of the day, one essential fact is often overlooked: Not all indicators are created equal. This book provides a comprehensive approach for understanding how statistical measures of achievement are developed, evaluated, and interpreted. Given the extent to which…

Teachers' conceptions of assessment can be understood in terms of their agreement or disagreement with four purposes to which assessment may be put, specifically, (a) improvement of teaching and learning, (b) school accountability, (c) student accountability, or (d) treating assessment as irrelevant. A 50-item Teachers' Conceptions of Assessment…

This two-volume report examines the planning needed in order that Iowa's higher education system can keep pace with, as well as anticipate, the state's future societal changes and educational needs. The report opens with a review of where Iowa and its education system now stand and looks at the expected shape of the state's economic and social…