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Download full textHarvey, Barbara H. – 1994
Retention of students began soon after the introduction of graded elementary schools in the mid-1800s. As early as 1911, research started to show that retention failed to remedy the difficulties of academic achievement and social adjustment exposed through graded schools. Educators today have a number of options other than retention designed to…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Academic Failure, Class Size, Grade Repetition
Gampert, Richard D. – 1989
The 1982-83 school year was the second year of the New York City (New York) Public Schools Promotional Gates Program. Under this program students in grades four and seven who failed to attain their promotional criteria (in both reading and mathematics) were retained for a year of intensive remedial instruction. This report is the result of a…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Age Grade Placement, Dropout Prevention, Grade Repetition
