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Van Den Brink, F. J. – Educational Studies in Mathematics, 1984
Investigated use of the bus context (boarding/leaving a bus) for introducing addition and subtraction in the first grade, as well as other contexts. Indicates that these contexts influence the use of numbers and operations and that they be taught separately before comparisons are made. Also outlines misconceptions related to bus-numbers. (JN)
Descriptors: Addition, Elementary School Mathematics, Grade 1, Mathematics Education

Fuson, Karen C.; Briars, Diane J. – Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 1990
A learning and teaching approach using base-10 blocks to embody the English named-value system of number words and digit cards to embody the positional base-10 system of numeration is described. Examines the students' understanding and arithmetic skills on the multidigit arithmetic. (Author/YP)
Descriptors: Addition, Arithmetic, Elementary Education, Elementary School Mathematics
Nesher, Pearla; And Others – Educational Studies in Mathematics, 1984
This paper proposes a semantic analysis in which meanings of word problems are structures that include class and order relations, and suggests a hypothesis of developmental levels that can account for children's performance of these problems at various ages. The different kinds of problems vary in the complexity of semantic structures and the…
Descriptors: Addition, Cognitive Development, Elementary Education, Elementary School Mathematics

Carr, Ken; Katterns, Bob – Mathematics in School, 1984
This study involved 179 9-year-olds and 352 13-year-olds in New Zealand. Four addition and four subtraction tasks were set to ascertain students' ability to use the number line. Comparison of these data with results from the national assessment in the United States are given. (MNS)
Descriptors: Addition, Educational Research, Elementary School Mathematics, Elementary Secondary Education

Engelhardt, Jon M.; Usnick, Virginia – School Science and Mathematics, 1991
Presented are the results of two pilot studies about multidigit addition and subtraction. The results are discussed in relation to possible alternative sequences in the teaching of addition and subtraction and the relationship between basic fact mastery and numeration concept attainment. (CW)
Descriptors: Addition, Elementary School Mathematics, Mathematics Education, Mathematics Instruction

De Corte, Erik; Verschaffel, Lieven – Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 1987
Data were collected in the problem representations and solution strategies of 30 first graders who were given a series of simple addition and subtraction word problems. The children were interviewed three times during the school year. The influence of problem structure on children's solution strategies appears more extensive and decisive than that…
Descriptors: Addition, Elementary Education, Elementary School Mathematics, Grade 1

Lappan, Glenda, Ed. – Arithmetic Teacher, 1987
Described is a procedure for teaching children to learn to count on with finger patterns after they have learned to count with objects. The technique has been found to be successful with children of all ability levels at grades one and two. (RH)
Descriptors: Addition, Computation, Elementary Education, Elementary School Mathematics

Christensen, Carol A.; Gerber, Michael M. – Exceptionality, 1990
Thirty elementary-level learning-disabled and 30 nondisabled students were trained on addition using either a drill-and-practice task within an arcade gamelike context or a straightforward drill. The straightforward drill was more effective than the game format for learning-disabled students. (Author/JDD)
Descriptors: Addition, Computer Assisted Instruction, Drills (Practice), Educational Games

Christensen, Carol A.; Cooper, Tom J. – British Educational Research Journal, 1992
Presents results from an Australian study examining whether children who use cognitive strategies in solving simple addition questions develop greater proficiency in addition than children who do not use such strategies. Describes the subjects, instruments, procedure, and instructional treatment. Concludes that the development of cognitive…
Descriptors: Addition, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Comparative Analysis
Romberg, Thomas A.; Collis, Kevin F. – 1987
Summarized are the findings from five studies carried out in Australia in 1979-80. First was a cross-sectional survey designed to determine the memory capacity of a population of children in grades 1-3. The second study investigated performance differences on a variety of mathematically related developmental tasks for the same group. Data from…
Descriptors: Addition, Cognitive Processes, Educational Research, Elementary Education

Swart, William L. – Arithmetic Teacher, 1985
Findings from a study with first-grade children on addition and subtraction help make a case for a conceptual rather than a mechanized approach to the operations. How base ten blocks were used in the program is illustrated. (MNS)
Descriptors: Addition, Computation, Decimal Fractions, Educational Research
Mack, Nancy K. – 1988
Eight sixth-grade students received individualized instruction on the addition and subtraction of fractions in a one-to-one setting for 6 weeks. Instruction was specifically designed to build upon the student's prior knowledge of fractions. It was determined that all students possessed a rich store of prior knowledge about parts of wholes in real…
Descriptors: Addition, Algorithms, Basic Skills, Computation

Post, Thomas R. – Arithmetic Teacher, 1981
The results of exercises related to fractions on the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) for 9- and 13-year-olds are reported. This discussion is followed by suggestions on ways to help students be more successful when adding fractions. (MP)
Descriptors: Addition, Elementary Secondary Education, Fractions, Mathematics Education
Mack, Nancy K. – 1988
Eight sixth-grade students received individualized instruction on the addition and subtraction of fractions in a one-to-one setting for 6 weeks. Instruction was specifically designed to build upon the student's prior knowledge of fraction ideas and to emphasize estimation. It was determined that all students possessed a rich store of prior…
Descriptors: Addition, Basic Skills, Computation, Elementary School Mathematics
Usnick, Virginia; Engelhardt, Jon M. – Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics, 1988
Describes a study designed to investigate the relationship between students' learning of the standard double-digit addition algorithm and basic fact mastery or numeration concepts. Results suggest basic fact mastery and knowledge of numeration concepts may not be as necessary as previously assumed to learning multidigit addition. (PK)
Descriptors: Addition, Basic Skills, Computation, Educational Research
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