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Mason, Susan Ann; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1989
The study evaluated the effects of a time-efficient reinforcer assessment package with three preschoolers with autism. Systematic assessment of children's reinforcers for correct responding virtually eliminated nontargeted maladaptive behaviors, and yielded expected improvements in accuracy. (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Autism, Behavior Modification, Contingency Management, Evaluation Methods

Bernal, Martha E.; North, Juel Ann – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1978
Descriptors: Evaluation, Guides, Handicapped Children, Parent Education

Van Houten, Ronald – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1979
The article suggests and describes several ways in which social validation procedures can be employed by researchers and educators to help them select when and how much to modify target behaviors of students. (DLS)
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Behavior Standards, Competence, Elementary Secondary Education

Foster, Sharon L.; Ritchey, Wendy L. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1979
To date, the assessment methodology in the area has moved in two directions: sociometric measures (peer nomination and peer rating scales), which have provided the major means of identifying the socially competent child; and direct observation, principally employed in the specification of socially competent behaviors. (Author/DLS)
Descriptors: Children, Evaluation Methods, Interpersonal Competence, Observation

Baer, Ruth A.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1988
Six four-year-olds were subjects in two experiments on correspondence training procedures with toy play behaviors. The experiments found that presence or absence of children's verbalizations exerted no influence on play with target toys, and that children were less likely to engage in target behaviors when no antecedent experimenter verbalization…
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Play, Preschool Education, Social Reinforcement

Matson, Johnny L.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1990
Three autistic children (ages 9-11) received spontaneous communication training using a time delay, modeling, and food reinforcement procedure. Results showed gains in 2 spontaneous responses ("please" and "thank you") and 1 verbally prompted response ("you're welcome"). Gains were validated socially with 10 adults. (Author/JDD)
Descriptors: Autism, Intermediate Grades, Interpersonal Communication, Prompting

Dube, William V.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1991
This paper describes a computer-based spelling program grounded in programed instructional techniques and using constructed-response matching-to-sample procedures. Following use of the program, two mentally retarded men successfully spelled previously misspelled words. (JDD)
Descriptors: Adults, Computer Assisted Instruction, Instructional Effectiveness, Mental Retardation

Wilson, Philip G.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1984
The study evaluated a program for teaching family-style mealtime skills to four profoundly retarded institutionalized adolescents. The program used forward chaining with a less-to-more intrusive prompting sequence and contingent reinforcement to teach the skills. (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Adolescents, Daily Living Skills, Eating Habits, Institutionalized Persons

Clarke, Sue; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1988
Five children with severe educational retardation, aged 5-12, were involved in sign training in which the spoken words corresponding to signs were receptively known to participants. Whether signs were taught concurrently or in a serial fashion, signs taught by total communication were acquired faster than those taught by sign-alone training.…
Descriptors: Elementary Education, Language Acquisition, Receptive Language, Severe Mental Retardation

Charlop, Marjorie H.; Milstein, Janice P. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1989
Three autistic boys, aged 6-7, observed videotaped conversations consisting of 2 people discussing toys. Subsequent assessment of the boys using untrained topics of conversation, new stimuli, new persons, and other settings indicated that the children learned through video modeling, generalized their conversational skills, and maintained…
Descriptors: Autism, Generalization, Maintenance, Modeling (Psychology)

Wacker, David P.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1989
Two moderately retarded adolescents received instruction on peer-training skills to teach a vocational task to classmates; subsequently, one peer trainer taught three peers to complete a complex vocational task. Results indicated that peer training can be an effective instructional procedure, with generalization occurring for both the trainers and…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Generalization, Job Skills, Junior High Schools

Dunlap, Lee Kern; Dunlap, Glen – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1989
Individualized self-monitoring checklists were developed for 3 learning-disabled students, aged 10-13; students followed the checklists as they completed their subtraction assignments. The procedures produced immediate gains in correct responding; when the checklists were removed and the previous incentives condition was reinstated, continued…
Descriptors: Check Lists, Individual Needs, Individualized Instruction, Intermediate Grades

Singh, Nirbhay N.; Solman, Robert T. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1990
This study tested whether conditioning to one member of a compound stimulus can be blocked by presence of a second member to which the response was previously conditioned. Eight mentally retarded students (ages 7-9) were presented with words, sometimes accompanied by pictures. Six students performed best when words were presented without pictures.…
Descriptors: Conditioning, Elementary Education, Instructional Effectiveness, Moderate Mental Retardation

Alavosius, Mark P.; Sulzer-Azaroff, Beth – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1990
The performance of four direct service providers in feeding, positioning, and transferring physically disabled patients was measured. Use of written instructions led to slight and usually brief changes in performance. The introduction of feedback, especially a continuous schedule, resulted in marked improvements which were maintained. (Author/JDD)
Descriptors: Adults, Attendants, Caregivers, Feedback

Parsons, Marsha B.; Reid, Dennis H. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1990
A procedure enabling 19 adolescents/adults with profound mental retardation to express food and drink preferences was evaluated. Results indicated that active choice making occurred, and caregiver opinion was not predictive of participant preferences. Choices made using the procedure were similar to choices made when less structured opportunities…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Adults, Decision Making, Evaluation Methods