Noting that educators need to capture the interest of primary students early on to make lifelong writers out of them, this paper discusses ways to encourage the writing process in the primary grades. The paper discusses the philosophy of the writing process, what experts say about writing, setting up the environment, writing with lower primary…

Offering guidance on diagnostic and developmental techniques, this teacher's guide helps teachers to assess pupils' understanding and day-to-day progress in writing and to identify appropriate next steps to help pupils make progress. The teacher's guide examines the process of writing, offering guidance on classroom activities relating to…

Based on the premise that teachers are the chief condition in the literate classroom, and that one of the most important things children do is to observe the way adults think and learn, this book presents five essays suggesting methods of inviting children into the adult world of reading and writing. After a foreword by Donald Graves and an…

Noting that revising is the hardest part of the writing process for children, this book offers practical strategies to effectively motivate students and to help them build the skills to revise their own work. The book suggests that children in grades 2 and above can handle revision if they are taught the skills that enable them to do it and if…

Written for the busy teacher, this book examines classroom writing conferences, one of the most talked about and least practiced strategies in the writing process classroom. Each brief chapter introduces a different facet of the writing conference or the philosophy and classroom practice that undergird it, and each chapter ends with a…

Taking students from emergent to elaborative writers, this book shows teachers how to conduct a daily writing workshop, manage the writing process, and teach the expository and narrative writing techniques primary-grade students will need to become fluent writers. It includes advice on setting up the classroom; scheduling and organizing the…

Implementing numerous changes and deletions from the fourth edition, the fifth edition of this book aims to balance an emergent, social development environment with a sharper awareness of children who have missed out on much of the natural literacy development teachers would so much like to enhance. All chapters in the book have been updated with…

This collection of essays relates the experiences of teachers who have adopted and implemented a writing-process approach in their classrooms. In the collection, elementary, secondary, and college teachers candidly discuss their experiences--the struggles and successes, and the differences between their imagined ideal and the everyday reality.…

Presenting syntheses of research on effective instruction in 30 program areas, this paper is designed as a resource to assist teachers in expanding and refining their repertoire of teaching strategies and to guide instructional planning and decision making. For each program area, the paper presents a "finding" (a one-sentence statement…

The second phase of a 3-year project examining the effect of a process approach to writing instruction on students' expository reading and writing skills, a study determined the impact of three writing programs that emphasized different aspects of a process-oriented writing environment. Data were gathered from 159 fifth and sixth grade students…