The first 2 of the 12 publications reviewed in this annotated bibliography describe what principals actually do as instructional leaders. The first document reports on habits and values evinced by eight schools whose principals were viewed as proficient instructional leaders. Although several distinct leadership styles emerged, the ethic of…

Compliance, identification, internalization, and expectancy are delineated and defined as three conscious and one nonconscious reaction to social influence. Discussion centers on the implications of each reaction in terms of a classroom environment wherein teacher and students influence each other and are subject to the pressures of public…

Most of the 10 publications reviewed in this annotated bibliography focus on the principals' role in communicating high expectations for student achievement. The first article describes techniques principals can use to encourage excellence, such as complimenting teachers for exemplary efforts, carefully monitoring instruction via supervision and…