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Sparks, Richard L. – Multilingual Matters, 2022
This book traces and summarizes the author's theoretical insights and empirical findings in the field of foreign language education. The volume explores themes such as individual differences in L1 ability and their connection to L2 aptitude and L2 achievement, L2 anxiety as an affective or cognitive variable, and the relationship between L1 and L2…
Descriptors: Native Language, Second Languages, Second Language Instruction, Individual Differences
Raimes, Ann – 1985
A study is described which investigated the differences between English-as-a-second-language (ESL) writers and native-English-speaking writers and examined closely a range of ESL writers and their composing processes. The procedures used were those used by Sondra Perl in a study of the composing processes of unskilled college writers (1979).…
Descriptors: College Students, English (Second Language), Higher Education, Individual Differences
McNeely, Sharon Nichols; Hallman, Clemens L. – 1986
This monograph is designed to acquaint classroom teachers with the language proficiency guidelines of the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL) and the oral testing guidelines of the Educational Testing Service (ETS). The guidelines are intended for language proficiency assessment by the oral interview technique. Designated…
Descriptors: Evaluation Criteria, Evaluation Methods, Individual Differences, Interviews
Olivier, Carolyn; Bowler, Rosemary F. – 1996
This guide to learning disabilities is primarily based on the experiences of parents and staff at Landmark College (Vermont), a two-year college specifically for students with learning disabilities. Chapter 1 introduces a group of Landmark parents and students who share their feelings and concerns. Chapter 2 describes learning by seeing, hearing,…
Descriptors: Cognitive Style, Diagnostic Teaching, Educational Methods, Educational Principles