This rebuttal of Pickles's article points to stylistic and substantive flaws. His isolation of the prevalent ignorance about geography sets up a "straw man" concerning the nature of educational dialog as an issue. His Cartesian "banking" model and Aristotelean "rhetorical" model present a false dichotomy of learning…

Although its origins have been traced back much further, research in the area of learning style has been active for--at a conservative estimate--around four decades. During that period the intensity of activity has varied, with recent years seeing a particularly marked upturn in the number of researchers working in the area. Also of note is the…

Presents a single integrated set of procedures for both analysis and design of instruction according to the Elaboration Theory. (JEG)

The world presented to our senses is essentially continuous in space and time. The simplest observations of children have shown that we are not born with ways of "breaking up" the world. The structures of our knowledge must be developed, and the major issue this paper considers is how those structures develop. The discussion focuses on Jean…

Examines the appropriateness of the second-language teaching/learning model when applied to college-level first-language writing instruction. (RL)

Describes three approaches to language arts instruction--student centered/integrated, content centered/segmented, and a combination of these two--and examines the strong and weak points of each. (HTH)

Considered are concepts and skills appropriate for basic teacher preparation, and those that should be reserved for more advanced, specialized preparation. The cyclical continuum of teacher education and models of teacher development are discussed. (MNS)

Discusses prevailing ideas of how children learn language and addresses the argument of rules versus analogies in learning to form the past tense of verbs. Cites cases involving connectionist models. (ML)

Synthesizes the conclusions drawn from a literature review on principles for motivating students to learn. Outlines numerous pointers for creating essential learning preconditions and for motivating, including maintaining high expectations, supplying extrinsic incentives, and capitalizing on students' intrinsic motivation. Provides strategies for…

Explains a three-dimensional conceptual model designed to help outdoor educators plan and evaluate programs that provide primary and reflective experiences in, about, and for the outdoors and that bring about positive growth in the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains of learning. (JHZ)

A process-oriented approach that can be highly successful in introducing students to computer systems concepts and terminology in an integrated manner is presented. (MP)

This paper argues that the shift from behaviorist learning theories to constructivist and social constructivist theories provides an opportunity to develop a hybrid model of mathematics instruction for students with learning disabilities. The proposed model embeds important skill learning in meaningful contexts. Evaluation data on such embedded…

This paper describes the Structure-Mapping Engine (SME), a cognitive simulation program for studying human analogical processing. SME is based on Gentner's Structure-Mapping theory of analogy, and provides a "tool kit" for constructing matching algorithms consistent with this theory. This flexibility enhances cognitive simulation studies by…

Considers nature of learning; significance of promoting learning rather than teaching; active nature of learning from experience; role of simulations and games in promoting learning; process of debriefing and its relationship to reflection; and teacher role. The Learning System, which relates general systems theory to process of learning, is…

The article presents a model of learning based on the four learning stages of (1) acquisition, (2) proficiency, (3) maintenance, and (4) generalization. The importance of directing instruction at the appropriate learning stage is stressed and examples are given. (DB)