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Katula, Richard A.; Roth, Richard W. – College Composition and Communication, 1980
Discusses the "stock issues" approach to argument, presents a contemporary stock issue system for the arrangement of a single composition, and constructs a model argument as a way of demonstrating how the system works. (FL)
Descriptors: Higher Education, Models, Persuasive Discourse, Rhetoric

Karbach, Joan – Journal of Teaching Writing, 1987
Illustrates Toulmin's simple three-step model of argumentation (claim, grounds, backing) with various proposition and syllogisms. Implements such heuristic quests at each step as "What position do I want my audience to take?" Proposes Toulmin logic as a strategy for teaching inductive and deductive thinking in composition. (JG)
Descriptors: Freshman Composition, Higher Education, Logic, Logical Thinking

Stygall, Gail – Journal of Teaching Writing, 1987
Proposes Toulmin approach to logic as an organic process alternative to the battlefield model of argumentation. Shows that in a Toulmin four part argument structure--data, warrant, backing and claim--the argument field from which the warrant and the backing arise determines the data available to support the claim. Thus the relativity of multiple…
Descriptors: Ethics, Higher Education, Logic, Logical Thinking

Scheckels, Theodore F., Jr. – College Composition and Communication, 1983
Examines three strategies by which competitive debaters generate and organize their affirmative cases. Discusses how the persuasive writer can use these same three strategies as heuristics for deliberative discourse and as models for its organization. (HTH)
Descriptors: Competition, Debate, Higher Education, Models
Stygall, Gail – 1986
Writing instructors who teach argument are familiar with the dilemma of conflicting metaphors: those who teach writing with a process approach may structure their teaching through a growth or benevolent nature metaphor, but cannot deny the tenacity of the "argument as war" metaphor. Breaking this war metaphor requires that ethics become…
Descriptors: Ethics, Higher Education, Metaphors, Models

Makau, Josina M. – Communication Education, 1985
Uses the judicial model of reasoning employed by the Supreme Court as an exemplar in teaching critical skills in the basic argumentation and debate course. Describes the model and course highlights. (PD)
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Course Content, Court Litigation, Critical Thinking

O'Brien, Peter W. – Educational Planning, 1987
This working paper focuses on the educational planner as a bureaucratic actor. To explain planner influence or lack of influence in the policymaking process, practitioners need to explore the micropolitics of organizations and understand individual, organizational, and situational forces demanding their engagement. Planners need an engaged…
Descriptors: Educational Planning, Elementary Secondary Education, Models, Organizational Theories

Brownell, Judi – Bulletin of the Association for Business Communication, 1986
Outlines a model (SUCCESS) for an approach to teaching presentational speaking that deals with the basics of speech communication, the speaker's development of the main ideas presented, providing feedback on the speaker's ability to prepare and use visual aids, and an opportunity to comment on the more general aspects of the speaker's…
Descriptors: Business Communication, Higher Education, Interpersonal Communication, Models
Phillips, Leslie; And Others – 1985
The purpose of the three papers that make up this document is to explore and redefine the role of debate judges. The first paper, by Leslie Phillips, begins with the assertion that the debate judge is first and foremost an educator, notes that judging is one of the forces that shape and direct competitive forensics, and goes on to consider…
Descriptors: Debate, Educational Improvement, Educational Objectives, Evaluation Criteria
Schell, John F. – 1982
Interpreting Aristotle's criteria for persuasive writing--ethos, logos, and pathos--as a concern for writer, language, and audience creates both an effective model for persuasive writing and a structure around which to organize discussions of relevant rhetorical issues. Use of this heuristic to analyze writing style, organization, and content…
Descriptors: Cohesion (Written Composition), Higher Education, Language Usage, Models
Michaels, Sarah; Shouse, Andrew W.; Schweingruber, Heidi A. – National Academies Press, 2007
What types of instructional experiences help K-8 students learn science with understanding? What do science educators, teachers, teacher leaders, science specialists, professional development staff, curriculum designers, and school administrators need to know to create and support such experiences? "Ready, Set, Science!" guides the way with an…
Descriptors: Teaching Methods, Science Instruction, Science Education, Elementary School Science
Himes, Kenneth G. – 1983
Debate paradigms, which at one time established standards to help judges evaluate arguments and rules to guide debaters' argument choice and strategy selection, no longer offer consistent guidance for either judges or debaters. An increased emphasis on creativity and flexibility has led to a general unwillingness to use a rigid debate format. The…
Descriptors: Communication Research, Communication Skills, Debate, Evaluation Criteria
Tilley, James Garland – 1983
To determine the extent to which current theories of persuasion are used or advocated by homileticians (i.e., preachers), this study examines 21 frequently used homiletics textbooks for their treatment of persuasion. After describing the characteristics of classical, premodern, humanistic, and rhetorical models, the study suggests that these…
Descriptors: Clergy, Communication Skills, Discourse Analysis, Higher Education
Fadely, Dean – 1984
Many students entering law school are surprised to find that the debating activities there (moot court, mock trial work, and trial advocacy courses) bear little resemblance to the debating they did at the undergraduate level. Those who teach, whether speech communication or prelaw, have an obligation to communicate to students the differences…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Court Litigation, Debate, Education Work Relationship
Fenton, Mary C. – 1983
The synthesis of four instructional models for argumentative writing--the Toulmin, Hiduke, Winder, and Crebbe-Debate approaches--with basic discourse theory produces a practical and positive method of teaching college students to write effective persuasive essays. A battery of questions based on a modified communication triangle--subject…
Descriptors: College English, Essays, Expository Writing, Higher Education
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