This paper argues that the introduction of the scientific method in the very rich environments of the natural sciences or human sciences may disguise the process and create difficulties for students because of the multiplicity of variables involved, whereas the variables present in a mathematical context can be readily manipulated and their…

Discusses the adoption of a notation system that is generalizable to all instructional designers and will allow and encourage a common communication base. Ten instructional design models are discussed as systems approaches to instructional design. (JEG)

The limits of falsification are discussed and the historically based models of science described by Lakatos and Kuhn are shown to offer greater insights into the practice of science. The theory of natural selection is used to relate biology to philosophy and scientific method. (Author/JN)

Designed as an instructional aid for college professors, this model is used to illustrate the broad relationship among the primary perspectives and concerns of the physical and human sciences, history, geography, and religion. Human knowledge is conceptual. Man's "real" objective knowledge consists of mental analogs that are concerned…

Describes the major components of the solar system and proposes several features that a theory about the solar system should include. Contains explanations of several theories about the origin of the solar system. (TW)

Addresses the problem of research formulation for the inexperienced. Provides a model for geographic research, and identifies types of research problems. Discusses problem definition utilizing both the inductive and deductive method; literature searches; the data base; and methodology. Explores the role of theory, the theorizing process, and…

Introductory biology students at a major university completed a field project which taught them investigative skills in scientific research, including the scientific method and substantiation of their results through use of periodical literature. Librarians became actively involved by providing library instruction as part of the project. Sample…

Reviewed are experimental methods (diffraction, spectroscopic, and resonance methods) used to obtain the structural parameters of bond angles and bond lengths in molecules. The valence shell electron pair repulsion theory (VSEPR) is summarized and applied to several real molecules. (CS)

Describes the rationale, format and procedures, unique features, and educational and instructional aims of "The Young Chemist," a simulation game model for the methodology of logical process to be used as a teaching device within the traditional high school chemistry curriculum. (Author/CMV)

The article discusses observing and quantifying as basic skills, presents a model for dealing with problems, and suggests seven activities which range from kindergarten to twelfth-grade level. (MK)

Describes easily constructed "black box" activities designed to introduce students to the concept of a scientific model. Exposes students to the scientific method of research and to the multiple models which can be hypothesized for many phenomena. (CP)

This article suggests the use of the circuit box to illustrate the processes involved in the scientific method. Construction and wiring diagrams and a materials list are presented. (BB)

Offers a concise, abstract description of the scientific method different from the historical, philosophical, and case-study approaches, which lead to comprehension of this method. Discusses features of scientific models, dynamic interactions underlying scientific progress, ways that scientist successfully understand nature, mechanisms for…

A child-centered model for elementary school gifted science education is proposed, utilizing an open environment, the scientific method, the teacher as facilitator, and techniques for affective development to attain scientific concepts, develop scientific skills, and foster appropriate scientific attitudes. (JDD)

Presented is an astronomy activity in which students use an apparatus to illustrate the various positions and movements of the sun, earth, planets, stars, and constellations. A test of the heliocentric theory of the solar system is included. (CW)