Introduces addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of fractions using area models such as rectangles and circles, or linear models such as the number line and fraction strips. (ASK)

The "count-by" technique of multiplication was taught to a fourth grade student with learning disabilities. The student learned to count by numbers not typically taught (e.g., fours, sevens, and eights). The method resulted in substantial increases in correct multiplications performed per minute, which were maintained and generalized to…

Having children create and solve their own story problems is a valuable activity to use for them to think carefully about and apply a concept to create and solve a problem. Describes using two books to help children learn about the concept of multiplication. (ASK)

Discusses a number series made from the multiplication of numbers to digits. Presents a number series for diverse multiplication numbers. (YP)

Some of the problems of learning disabled students which make teaching arithmetic difficult include: symbol-object relationships, reversibility of functions, perceptual deficits, multiplication tables, division tasks, word problems, and place values. Among suggestions for teachers are presenting and setting up problems according to students'…

Discusses arithmetic during long-multiplications and long-division. Provides examples in decimal reciprocals for the numbers 1 through 20; connection with divisibility tests; repeating patterns; and a common fallacy on repeating decimals. (YP)

A "flipping" clown figure can be used on a number line to help students conceptualize operations using negative numbers. (SJL)

Discusses a teaching method for multiplication using manipulative materials. Provides examples of the teaching method and activities using individual chalk boards. Two references are listed. (YP)

Explores mathematical methods children use to find answers for themselves. Describes some methods used for multiplication and subtraction problems. (YP)

Discusses the generalization of the meaning of multiplication for whole numbers. Presents an example for multiplication of fractions. Provides several diagrams to help improve understanding. (YP)

This book provides regular classroom and special education teachers with alternative, individualized methods of teaching math computation skills. Learning activities are designed to appeal to auditory, visual, and kinesthetic learning modalities. Six mathematics topics addressed include modeling addition and subtraction, basic facts for addition…

Discusses mathematics education research on multiplication and division which implies that instruction should emphasize development of a sound conceptual basis for multiplication and division rather than memorization of tables and rules. Presents action research ideas. (10 references) (MKR)

Students who can compute mathematical problems in their heads have learned a skill that is important for estimating and for understanding the number system. Practice activities that can help students master mental computation skills are described. (PP)

This article offers specific strategies to diagnose and remediate difficulties students may have in learning multiplication facts. Analyzes strategies students use to go from a known fact to an unknown fact. The point is made that, for many students, the order of interpretation of a number fact may affect accuracy. (DB)

This article offers multiplication fact memorization training techniques that have been successfully used with students with learning disabilities in resource room and clinical settings. Techniques include organizing the facts, using finger multiplication, visual mnemonic flashcards, and musical reinforcement. (DB)