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Peterson, Susan K.; And Others – Learning Disabilities Research, 1988
The study compared two methods of teaching an initial place value skill: a concrete, semiconcrete, abstract teaching sequence and an abstract-only presentation. Learning-disabled elementary and middle school students (N=24) using the concrete to abstract teaching sequence performed significantly better on three posttests than students taught the…
Descriptors: Concept Formation, Elementary Education, Instructional Effectiveness, Learning Disabilities
Peer reviewedMcEvoy, John – British Journal of Special Education, 1989
Studies of young children's sequence of development from counting to the beginnings of formal arithmetic are reviewed. Four essential basic skills are identified: use of counting words, enumeration, the cardinality rule, and quantitative comparison. The contribution of counting to the development of arithmetical proficiency is stressed. (JDD)
Descriptors: Arithmetic, Cognitive Development, Computation, Developmental Stages
Peer reviewedMiller, Susan Peterson; And Others – Intervention in School and Clinic, 1992
This article presents the "concrete semiconcrete abstract" (CSA) teaching sequence for teaching basic math skills to students with and without learning disabilities. Guidelines include providing a minimum of nine instructional lessons (three at each level), each with four lesson steps. Validation of the CSA sequence and lesson format with 15…
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Classroom Techniques, Concept Formation, Elementary School Mathematics
