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Goldsmith, H. Hill; And Others – Child Development, 1987
Four current approaches to understanding temperament are discussed. Theorists representing four postions--Goldsmith, Buss and Plomin, Rothbart, and Thomas and Chess--outline their views by reponding to six common questions. Commentaries highlighting differences and similarities between the positions are offered by Hinde and McCall. (Author/BN)
Descriptors: Children, Definitions, Discussion, Fundamental Concepts
Rosenberg, B. G.; And Others – 1984
Implications of parental self-esteem for the subsequent personality qualities and self-esteem of the developing child were explored in this investigation. The sample consisted of 65 mothers and 44 fathers who completed a self Q-sort and an ideal-self Q-sort when their children were 12 years of age. At the ages of 3, 4, 5, 7, 11, and 14 years, 54…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Age Differences, Children, Fathers

Smith, Robert J. – Human Development, 1985
Presents propositions fundamental to a comprehensive Marxist theory of personality: five premises about the ontological nature of the person and four about underlying expresssive personality characteristics. Differences between the proposed theory and traditional theories are discussed in terms of sociohistorical influence, the nature of…
Descriptors: Humanism, Marxism, Personality Development, Personality Theories
Hancock, Emily – 1983
Adulthood for females is a complex maturational process, rooted in the mother-daughter relationship. To investigate the dynamics of the mother-daughter relationship and its influence on maturing, 20 women, ranging in age from 30 to 75, were interviewed for 6 to 8 hours over a 1-month period. The subjects were chosen for their self-reflective…
Descriptors: Adult Development, Daughters, Developmental Tasks, Interpersonal Competence

Steinberg, Laurence – Developmental Psychology, 1985
Data for this study of 108 young adults from the New York Longitudinal Study include measures of temperament derived from two sources: interviews conducted with subjects' mothers when the children were 3 and 4 years of age and measures of Type A behavior derived from interviews with the subjects during young adulthood. (Author/NH)
Descriptors: Achievement Need, Interviews, Personality Development, Personality Studies

Riese, Marilyn L. – Developmental Psychology, 1987
The predictive relation between neonatal behavior and temperament at 24 months was examined for 67 infants selected from the full socioeconomic status (SES) distribution. Initial ratings were made when the infants were one to four days old. Irritable neonates were rated as more upset, less attentive to stimuli, and less responsive to the staff at…
Descriptors: Affective Behavior, Attention Control, Conflict, Interpersonal Competence
Van Wicklin, John F. – 1984
From Erikson's (1968) psychosocial criteria of crisis and commitment, Marcia (1964) derived four ego identity statuses, i.e., achievement, moratorium, foreclosure, and diffusion. To explore antecedents of Erikson's ego identity construct, 130 college females completed a modified identity status interview, and questionnaires designed to elicit…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Classification, College Students, Females
Dixon, Janice W.; Hudson, Lynne M. – 1982
Factors which aid an individual's progression from one stage of moral reasoning to another remain a mystery. Theorists suggest that intraception, defined as a predominance of feeling, fantasy, and aspirations (connoting a humanistic outlook and an ability to develop role-taking skills) as opposed to a down-to-earth, skeptical attitude, may be an…
Descriptors: College Students, Developmental Stages, Higher Education, Individual Development

Attie, Ilana; Brooks-Gunn, J. – Developmental Psychology, 1989
In a study of eating problems in adolescent girls, researchers saw 193 White adolescent females and their mothers in the girls' middle school years and two years later. Examined was the emergence of eating problems as a function of pubertal growth, body image, personality development, and family relationships. (RH)
Descriptors: Adolescents, Body Image, Eating Habits, Family Relationship
Palus, Charles J.; And Others – 1991
The major contention of this paper is that the best way to understand an individual's identity is through the story (or stories) that person makes of his or her life. The research looks at the ways in which the performance of business executives is rooted in both: (1) an executive's unique identity as an individual; and (2) a component of…
Descriptors: Developmental Psychology, Individual Psychology, Leadership, Leadership Qualities
Makosky, Vivian Parker; Roeding, Ginna M. – 1983
Although parental effects on the personality development of children have been well examined, fathers' influence and effects on older children have received little attention. To investigate fathers' involvement in the attitude and personality development of college women, 333 women, ages 18 to 23, completed a three-part questionnaire gathering…
Descriptors: College Students, Fathers, Females, Higher Education
Proefrock, David W. – 1983
The recent development of strong statistical techniques has made accurate predictions of recidivism possible. To investigate the utility of discriminant analysis methodology in making predictions of recidivism in juvenile offenders, the court records of 271 male and female juvenile offenders, aged 12-16, were reviewed. A cross validation group…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Crime Prevention, Delinquency, Discriminant Analysis
Jackson, Linda A.; And Others – 1983
Social learning theory maintains that parents incluence sex development by modeling and reinforcing masculinity and femininity. To further examine the effects of parental modeling and reinforcement antecedents on sex role development, 103 college students (52 female, 51 male) who had been previously categorized as masculine, feminine, or…
Descriptors: Androgyny, College Students, Higher Education, Identification (Psychology)
Dras, Stephen R.; And Others – 1983
The relation of moral reasoning to moral behavior has been the subject of a substantial number of empirical studies; it may be more productive to employ a configuration of characteristics to predict moral behavior. To investigate the relation of moral reasoning and personality variables to moral behavior, 74 undergraduates, 30 males and 44…
Descriptors: Attribution Theory, Behavior Patterns, College Students, Higher Education
Stevenson, Michael R. – 1985
Current thought about the effects of single-parenting on children's sex-role development has supported (1) the traditional view that being raised in a single-parent home is deleterious to the well-being of children; (2) the conditional view noting that differences exist between children in father-absent and father-present homes (but only in…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Family Influence, Family Structure, Fatherless Family
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