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Ashlock, Robert B. – Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics, 1987
Considered are three different types of paper-and-pencil items: labeled word statements, symbolizations, and portrayals. The items are used for testing understanding of mathematical concepts. Limitations of pencil-and-paper items are noted. (RH)
Descriptors: Concept Formation, Elementary Education, Elementary School Mathematics, Mathematical Concepts
McDonald, Jacqueline; And Others – Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics, 1992
Reports a study to explore student's computational performance on computer-administered testing situations while at the computer. Students from grades 3-6 (n=100) were randomly assigned to treatment order, computer assessment first or paper/pencil assessment first. Significant differences occurred in three areas: completion time, number of mental…
Descriptors: Computation, Computer Assisted Instruction, Computer Assisted Testing, Diagnostic Tests