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Sigafoos, Jeff; Dempsey, Roslyn – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1992
This study assessed the validity of idiosyncratic choice-making behaviors of three children with multiple disabilities. Children were given either their "choice" of food or drink or were given the opposite. Direct observations of children's acceptance or refusal revealed the children consistently indicated choices during both conditions.…
Descriptors: Behavior Patterns, Children, Evaluation Methods, Multiple Disabilities

Green, Carolyn W.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1991
Four experiments involving 18 individuals (ages 14-55) with profound multiple handicaps found that 12 stimuli used in a preference assessment represented a comprehensive stimulus set for identifying preferences, though the utility of the set could sometimes be enhanced by caregiver opinion. Results also indicated that preferences identified were…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Adults, Caregivers, Evaluation Methods

Piazza, Cathleen C.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1996
A choice assessment was used to categorize reinforcers as high, middle, and low preference with 4 males (ages 7 to 19) with multiple disabilities including severe/profound mental retardation. High-preference stimuli consistently functioned as reinforcers for all subjects whereas low-preference stimuli did not function as reinforcers. (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Adolescents, Children, Individual Differences, Multiple Disabilities

Green, Carolyn W.; Reid, Dennis H. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1996
This study attempted to operationalize, measure, and increase happiness among five adults with profound mental and physical disabilities. Happiness indices were defined and observed. Most preferred stimuli-produced increases in happiness indices, and practitioner ratings of participant happiness coincided with observed indices. Discussion focuses…
Descriptors: Adults, Behavior Modification, Happiness, Measurement Techniques

Derby, K. Mark; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1996
This study examined effects of providing attention (the presumed reinforcer) both noncontingently and contingent upon either self-injurious behavior or self-restraint with a 12-year-old female with multiple disabilities including profound mental retardation. Results were consistent with the hypothesis that both responses were maintained by…
Descriptors: Attention, Behavior Modification, Case Studies, Multiple Disabilities

Zarcone, Jennifer R.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1996
Analysis of the effects of a short break contingent on completed work with a 10-year-old boy with autism and profound mental retardation found the 20-second break increased responding more than a positive reinforcer did, and the reinforcing effects of a 20-second break were affected by the availability of positive reinforcers during the break. (DB)
Descriptors: Autism, Case Studies, Contingency Management, Multiple Disabilities

Mudford, Oliver C.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1990
The representativeness of behavioral observation samples with durations of less than the whole time of interest was investigated with five profoundly mentally retarded physically handicapped adults in an institutional setting. It was found that the session representativeness was a function of the relative duration of the behavioral categories and…
Descriptors: Adults, Behavior Patterns, Evaluation Methods, Institutionalized Persons

Lalli, Joseph S.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1996
A functional analysis of eye poking by a four-year-old female with severe developmental disabilities and visual impairments showed that high rates occurred in all conditions. Attempts to identify the maintaining variable found that eye poking decreased only when finger-eye contact was interrupted by blocking the response. (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Behavior Patterns, Behavior Problems, Case Studies

Stromer, Robert; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1996
Two adults with severe mental retardation and profound hearing loss were given computer-based instruction in spelling. Positive results transferred to a retrieval task in which the participant wrote a list of objects displayed, selected the objects from a shelf, and returned the objects to the table. The role of stimulus class in fostering the…
Descriptors: Adult Basic Education, Adults, Computer Assisted Instruction, Deafness

Horner, Robert H.; Day, H. Michael – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1991
Three individuals with multiple severe disabilities were taught an appropriate response to problem behaviors, but the response was less efficient than the problem behavior on physical effort, schedule of reinforcement, or stimulus-reinforcer time delay. The response did not compete successfully with the problem behaviors until a new, more…
Descriptors: Adults, Behavior Modification, Behavior Problems, Behavioral Science Research

Kennedy, Craig H.; Haring, Thomas G. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1993
Four students with profound multiple disabilities were taught to use a microswitch communication system to request a change in recreational stimuli during social interactions with nondisabled peers. Outcomes are discussed in terms of the effects of controlling stimulus presentation on student behavior and the stability of preference hierarchies…
Descriptors: Communication Aids (for Disabled), Interaction Process Analysis, Multiple Disabilities, Peer Relationship