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Carraher, Terezinha Nunes; Schliemann, Analucia Dias – Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 1985
Fifty Brazilian children aged seven-13 were individually given addition and subtraction exercises. Counting was the preferred procedure, with use of school-taught algorithms limited. Some children decomposed numbers into tens and units and then worked at both levels. They rarely referred to previous results when doing related exercises. (MNS)
Descriptors: Addition, Algorithms, Cognitive Processes, Educational Research
Mack, Nancy K. – 1988
Eight sixth-grade students received individualized instruction on the addition and subtraction of fractions in a one-to-one setting for 6 weeks. Instruction was specifically designed to build upon the student's prior knowledge of fractions. It was determined that all students possessed a rich store of prior knowledge about parts of wholes in real…
Descriptors: Addition, Algorithms, Basic Skills, Computation
Resnick, Lauren B.; Gelman, Rochel – 1985
Most of the research on mathematical and scientific thinking has been concerned with uncovering knowledge structures and reasoning processes in people of different levels of competence. How these structures and processes are acquired has only recently become a major concern. Thus, some of the major research on mathematical and scientific thinking…
Descriptors: Addition, Algorithms, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes