Cross-cultural studies of mental health and illness generally adhere to one of two agendas: the comparison of mental health between sites using standard measurement tools, or the identification of locally specific ways of discussing mental illness. Here, we illustrate a methodological approach to measuring mental health that unites these two…

This book paints a portrait of adolescent psychology in 4 major regions: Africa/the Middle East, Asia, the Americas, and Europe. Featuring 24 revised and updated chapters from the "International Encyclopedia of Adolescence" (2007), readers are introduced to the way the majority of the world's adolescents actually live. Most contributors…

Bullying is one type of violence that threatens a youth's well-being in schools and neighborhoods. The impacts of bullying are felt by individuals, families, schools, and society and may result in youths feeling powerless, intimidated, and humiliated by the aggressive acts of other youth(s). This document is designed as a tool to help…

A pilot project profiled and compared the influence of the major environments of supply and demand, education, practice location and incentives, licensure and regulation, and planning and analysis on the health workforce in and among 10 states (California, Connecticut, Florida, Illinois, Iowa, Texas, Utah, Washington, West Virginia, and…

Compared the subjective and objective experiences of noninstitutionalized childless and parent elderly (N=338). Results showed few significant differences between the two groups, but trends showed benefits for both. The childless were more financially secure and in better health, while parents had more friends and more satisfaction with life. (BH)

That a mother's affective illness may interfere with her ability to relate to her child in ways that promote a secure attachment is documented in these data. Depression decreased the likelihood of secure attachment between mother and child. Children of unipolar and bipolar depressed mothers had different patterns of attachment. (RH)

Analyzes data from 10 long-term prospective studies in relation to key issues about self-quitting smoking. Compares the success rates of self-quitters and formal treatment programs of light smokers and heavy smokers, and examines the cyclical nature of quitting. Concludes that self-quitting is a dynamic process, not a discrete event. (FMW)

The psychometric characteristics of 12 adults with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and a group without PWS but with other similar traits were compared. Results found cognitive, behavioral and educational traits often associated with PWS to be present in both groups, illustrating the importance of control/comparison groups in research establishing…

Relations among instruments used in community mental-health services for people with developmental disabilities were explored with 284 individuals. Correlation coefficients were evaluated for statistical significance and effect size for subtests of the Reiss Screen for Maladaptive Behavior, the Aberrant Behavior Checklist, and the Adaptive…

To assess depression in college students, two inventories were compared: the Student Experience Inventory (SEI) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). SEI, a self-report questionnaire, contains 56 items that are designed to measure hopelessness and decreased energy levels, as well as five factors covered in BDI: (1) negative affect toward self,…

Describes the final investigation of a sequential series of studies to determine whether videodisc technology is educationally effective and cost efficient. The study compared training time, posttest success, student stress, and student satisfaction in U.S. Army paramedic students in a nonvideodisc control group and limited-access and full-access…

This study compared undergraduates' cognitive and affective responses to interactive and noninteractive video instruction on smokeless tobacco. The interactive video group demonstrated more accurate and comprehensive recall than the noninteractive and control groups; they were more willing to promote cessation among users; and learner satisfaction…

Demographic profiles of the six SouthEastern Regional Vision for Education (SERVE) states provide narrative and statistical information and identify common themes, priorities, and goals to fulfill the mission of improving education in the Southeast. Descriptions of the states of Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, and South…

Designed to evaluate the usefulness of the BIOSIS PREVIEWS database when searching the psychiatric literature, this study compared the effectiveness of this online database with the effectiveness of two other computerized databases, MEDLINE and PsycINFO (Psychological Abstracts), which psychiatric researchers and clinicians usually rely on when…

The role of accreditation in professionalizing an emerging field is examined in a study of on-site evaluation visits. Case records for five physical therapy education programs (including new and established programs at both public and private baccalaureate and entry-level master's programs in medical and nonmedical school settings) were analyzed…