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Fletcher, Kathryn L.; Bray, Norman W. – American Journal on Mental Retardation, 1995
Comparison of external memory strategies in 31 children (ages 11 and 17) with mild mental retardation and 64 children without mental retardation found no differences between children with mental retardation and their age peers in frequency of use of object-oriented strategies. For all groups, external strategies were used more frequently than…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Cognitive Processes, Learning Strategies, Memory

Spiker, Charles C.; And Others – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1985
Reports three experiments with kindergartners and first graders which used one-trial multidimensional reasoning tasks like those of Toppino (Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, v30, p496-512, 1980). Feedback information and preliminary experience with simple forms of the task produced high performance levels, and verbal labeling in the…
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Cognitive Processes, Difficulty Level, Feedback

Riding, Richard; Cheema, Indra – Educational Psychology: An International Journal of Experimental Educational Psychology, 1991
Discusses research on cognitive styles and strategies. Groups labels into two principle styles. Describes the wholist-analytic style, examining whether an individual tends to process information in wholes or parts, and the verbalizer-imager style considering whether an individual is inclined to represent information during thinking verbally or in…
Descriptors: Cognitive Psychology, Cognitive Style, Field Dependence Independence, Higher Education