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Carlin, Michael T.; Soraci, Sal A.; Dennis, Nancy A.; Chechile, Nicholas A.; Loiselle, Raquel C. – American Journal on Mental Retardation, 2001
This study with 16 adolescents with mental retardation compared free-recall rates under two encoding conditions: (1) fade-in, initially presenting pictures out of focus then slowly fading them into focus; and (2) fade-out, slowly blurring originally clear pictures. Results indicated that free-recall rates were greater for the fade-in items for…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Cognitive Processes, Memorization, Memory
Peer reviewedHowe, Ann C.; Vasu, Ellen S. – Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 1989
Examines the effect of verbalization on the formation and retention of mental images in children in kindergarten, first, and fifth grades. Reports no self-generated verbalization effect with gender or ability level and no retention effect. (Author)
Descriptors: Early Childhood Education, Elementary School Science, Imagery, Language
Hedl, John J., Jr. – 1986
Level of state test anxiety and depression were related to encoding strategy (imagery versus sematic instructions) in a study of sentence memory. Subjects were 80 female undergraduate students. Negative effects for test anxiety were found in both strategy conditions. Negative effects were found for depression when the semantic encoding strategy…
Descriptors: Comprehension, Cues, Depression (Psychology), Encoding (Psychology)
Rock, Irvin; Palmer, Stephen – Scientific American, 1990
Discussed are the principles of Gestalt psychology and the history and future of the movement. A comparison of Gestalt, Behaviorist, and Structuralist ideas is included. The study of perception, learning, memory, and thinking from the Gestaltist point of view is described. (KR)
Descriptors: Behavior, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Psychology, Cognitive Structures
Peer reviewedBlades, Mark; Banham, Jessica – Environmental Education and Information, 1990
Described is an investigation that determined whether young children have schemas for environmental information. The results are discussed with reference to the importance of memory schemas for learning about the environment. (KR)
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Structures, Elementary School Science
Peer reviewedRittschof, Kent A.; And Others – Journal of Geography, 1996
Maintains that region familiarity is an important prerequisite in the instructional use of cartograms. Cartograms are value-by-area maps that increase or decrease areas in order to illustrate various data (e.g. book reading in the western United States). Discusses necessary cognitive processes for the visualization of data. (MJP)
Descriptors: Cartography, Cognitive Structures, Cues, Encoding (Psychology)
Download full textERIC Clearinghouse on Reading and Communication Skills, Urbana, IL. – 1983
This collection of abstracts is part of a continuing series providing information on recent doctoral dissertations. The 17 titles deal with a variety of topics, including the following: (1) the effects of metacognitive comprehension monitoring strategies on fourth grade students' reading comprehension and recall performance; (2) elementary school…
Descriptors: Annotated Bibliographies, Context Clues, Discourse Analysis, Doctoral Dissertations
