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Dyer, Kathleen – Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1987
The study evaluated a reinforcement theory of stereotyped behavior with six autistic students (ages 9-16). Three students evidenced decreases in stereotypy and increases in responding in the presence of usual reinforcers, while the other three students required external suppression of stereotypy before increases in responding were shown.…
Descriptors: Autism, Behavior Modification, Elementary Secondary Education, Reinforcement

Houlihan, Michael; Houten, Ron Van – Education and Treatment of Children, 1989
The article reviews various therapies for hyperactivity including pharmacological and behavioral therapies. The heterogeneous nature of this population suggests that punishment procedures used as part of a behavioral management intervention may be effective in establishing responsible behavior and warrant more research. (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Behavior Modification, Drug Therapy, Hyperactivity
McIlvane, W. J.; And Others – American Journal on Mental Retardation, 1995
Two experiments with five individuals having severe mental retardation identified some problems and limits in training reversals of previously learned discrimination tasks using stimulus control shaping methodology. (DB)
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Discrimination Learning, Instructional Effectiveness, Severe Mental Retardation

Tustin, R. Don – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1995
Using an ABAB design, two procedures for requesting a change of activity were compared for their effect on the stereotypic behavior of a man with autism. One procedure requested immediate change of activities, whereas the second procedure gave advance notice of a change. Less stereotypy occurred when advance notice of change was given. (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Adults, Autism, Behavior Modification, Case Studies

Mason, Susan Ann; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1989
The study evaluated the effects of a time-efficient reinforcer assessment package with three preschoolers with autism. Systematic assessment of children's reinforcers for correct responding virtually eliminated nontargeted maladaptive behaviors, and yielded expected improvements in accuracy. (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Autism, Behavior Modification, Contingency Management, Evaluation Methods

Krantz, Patricia J.; McClannahan, Lynn E. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1993
A script fading procedure was effectively used to teach 4 children (ages 9 and 12) with autism to initiate interactions with peers. Increased initiations (to within normal levels) generalized to a different setting, and for three of the children were maintained at two-month follow-up. (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Autism, Behavior Modification, Generalization, Interaction
Combining Reward and Escape DRO to Reduce the Problem Behavior of Students with Severe Disabilities.
Kennedy, Craig H.; Haring, Thomas G. – Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps (JASH), 1993
This study compared types of differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO), namely, reward DRO (reward for omission of problem behavior), escape DRO (termination of instruction contingent on omission of problem behavior), and combined DRO. The combined DRO approach was most effective in reducing behavior problems of three adolescents with…
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Behavior Problems, Instructional Effectiveness, Positive Reinforcement

DeMario, N. C.; Crowley, E. P. – Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 1994
This article reviews 66 studies which used applied behavior analysis to change the behaviors of students with visual disabilities. It documents the participants, targeted behaviors, procedures used, outcomes, and follow-up. The article offers recommendations for future researchers on the selection of subjects, target behaviors, appropriate…
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Behavior Modification, Behavioral Science Research, Research Design
Morgan, Robert L. – American Journal on Mental Retardation, 1989
The article reviewed research on professionals', consumers', and others' judgments of the restrictiveness, social acceptability, and estimated frequency of use of procedures to decrease problem behaviors of disabled persons. Most respondents agreed that more restrictive procedures should be used as a last resort and that less restrictive…
Descriptors: Attitudes, Behavior Change, Behavior Modification, Behavior Problems

Smith, Richard G.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1995
This study compared selection of a preferred reinforcing stimulus just prior to a training session by either the trainer or subject with profound developmental disabilities. Results obtained with four adult subjects indicated little or no difference in reinforcement effects when reinforcing stimuli were selected by subjects rather than trainers.…
Descriptors: Adults, Behavior Modification, Developmental Disabilities, Outcomes of Treatment

Morgan, Daniel; And Others – 1981
The study investigated the efficacy of training three behaviorally disordered elementary grade students to recruit reinforcement and assistance from teachers. The study also investigated the effect of systematically fading external experimenter reinforcement of students for prompting and praising teachers in the regular classroom. The three…
Descriptors: Behavior Disorders, Behavior Modification, Elementary Education, Helping Relationship

Hill, Jane; And Others – Education and Treatment of Children, 1989
The study found significant improvements in behavior when a profoundly mentally retarded blind subject was reinforced with music. The young woman also discriminated among different types of music, and behavior rates varied accordingly. (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Adults, Behavior Modification, Behavior Problems, Blindness

Houlihan, Daniel D.; And Others – Education and Treatment of Children, 1992
A simultaneous presentation procedure to select reinforcers was implemented with two four-year-old twin boys who were developmentally delayed, noncompliant, and mute. Use of the procedure quickly and efficiently identified preferred reinforcers which were then used in an instructional task. (DB)
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Behavior Problems, Case Studies, Developmental Disabilities

Van Houten, Ron – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1993
This study effectively eliminated face-slapping behavior in a 10-year-old boy with severe developmental disability and autistic characteristics. The subject wore wrist weights for up to 30 minutes each day. Face slapping did not occur during a follow-up check conducted five months after study completion. (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Autism, Behavior Change, Behavior Modification, Case Studies

Davis, Carol Ann; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1994
High-probability requests were used to increase responsiveness to low-probability requests to initiate social interactions in three young boys with severe disabilities who were severely socially withdrawn. Increases were also found in unprompted social initiations and generalizations to a nontraining setting. Maintenance after training was also…
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Compliance (Psychology), Generalization, Interaction
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